Music History Test 1

Front 1

The earliest surviving musical instruments were made from

Back 1

Bone

Front 2

The origins of Western music can be traced to civilizations from

Back 2

Iraq and Syria

Front 3

In ancient Greek mythology, the lyre was associated with

Back 3

Apollo

Front 4

What is a double recorder called?

Back 4

Aulos

Front 5

All of the following wrote about Greek music except

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Orpheus

Front 6

Who discovered the relationship between consonant intervals and mathematical ratios?

Back 6

Pythagoras

Front 7

Plate asserted that music was an essential component of education because

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Studying music helps to balance mental and physical activity

Front 8

According to Aristotle, different kinds of melodies could cause the listener to experience

Back 8

Emotions

Front 9

According to Aristoxenus, rhythm in music closely aligns with

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Poetry

Front 10

The Epitaph of Seikilos is a musical composition from

Back 10

Ancient Greece

Front 11

The fragment ode from Euripides' Orestes exhibits all of the following musical qualities except

Back 11

the use of virtuosic improvisation

Front 12

The main practice shared by early Judaism and early Christianity was

Back 12

The chanting of psalms

Front 13

The focal point of the Christian Mass is a symbolic reenactment of

Back 13

The Last Supper

Front 14

The schedule of days commemorating special events in the lives of Christ and the saints or times of year is called the

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Church Calendar

Front 15

Popes and secular rulers from the eighth century on sought to standardize the Catholic liturgy in order to

Back 15

centralize political and spiritual authority

Front 16

The Holy Roman Empire was established when

Back 16

Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, King of the Franks, emperor

Front 17

Why did church musicians develop a system for notating chant?

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It helped advance the goal of disseminating a unified liturgy

Front 18

When did chant notation evolve from unheightened neumes to staff notation?

Back 18

ca. 850-1025

Front 19

F and C clefs were the most often used in chant notation because they are

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positioned just above the semitones in the diatonic scale

Front 20

This writer was one of the first to articulate the concept of the seven liberal arts, which include music

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Martianus Capella

Front 21

A melody that occupies a range from a fourth of a fifth below the final to a sixth above the final is called

Back 21

plagal

Front 22

Which best describes a reciting tone?

Back 22

The most frequent or prominent note of a chant

Front 23

In the Medieval Christian church, the primary purpose of liturgical music was to

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aid in the delivery of the text

Front 24

All of the following Mass movements are parts of the Ordinary except the

Back 24

Introit

Front 25

The cycle of prayers said throughout the day in monasteries and convents is called the

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Office

Front 26

The liturgy of the Office focused primarily on chanting the

Back 26

psalms

Front 27

The manner of performance in which a soloist alternates singing with a choir is called

Back 27

reponsorial

Front 28

Because the Credo is a very long text, the musical style of Credo chants will usually be

Back 28

syllabic

Front 29

All of the following statements about characteristics of chant melodies are true except

Back 29

melodies usually ascend to the cadence

Front 30

A genre that consists of several stanzas, each sung to the same melody, is called a

Back 30

Hymn

Front 31

Evidence of solo singing of certain chants during the Middle Ages comes from

Back 31

The more ornate style of some chants as compared to others

Front 32

Which chant of the Ordinary is usually composed in a neumatic style?

Back 32

Sanctus

Front 33

All of the following are examples of tropes except

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adding new parts for instruments such as the organ

Front 34

Why was Hildegard of Bingen's music known only locally during her lifetime?

Back 34

Most composers in the Middle Ages had only a local reputation

Front 35

Hildegard of Bingen did all of the following except

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officiate at Mass

Front 36

From ca. 800 to ca. 1200, Europe experienced

Back 36

economic, educational, and artistic growth

Front 37

An epic narrative poem describing the deeds of a heroic character is called a

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chanson de geste

Front 38

Why do scholars believe that the surviving secular song and dance repertory represents mostly that of the upper classes of society?

Back 38

The lower social classes were nonliterate and so they could not write down their music

Front 39

The theme of fin/ amors in trouvere songs concerns the topic of

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Respectful love toward and unattainable noble woman

Front 40

All of the following statements are true of troubadour and trouvere melodies except

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the declamation is usually melismatic

Front 41

Adam de la halle composed which piece?

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Jeu de Robin et de Marion

Front 42

Adam de la Halle's Robins m'aime is in

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rondeau form

Front 43

Walter von der Vogelweide was a famous

Back 43

Minnesinger

Front 44

Waltehr von der Vogelweide's Palastinailed is a song about

Back 44

the Crusades

Front 45

What kind of song is this text from?

Back 45

Cantiga

Front 46

Which best describes a shawm?

Back 46

A double-reed instrument similar to an oboe

Front 47

Which best describes a carole?

Back 47

A French instrumental dance

Front 48

The earliest written polyphony exhibited all of the following musical elements that continued to occupy composers throughout the history of Western music except

Back 48

meter

Front 49

In Organum, the voice presenting the chant is called the

Back 49

principle voice

Front 50

Note-against-note organum offers composers freedom because

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the organal part can move in contrary, oblique, parallel, or similar motion

Front 51

Which format best describes the presentation of the music in the original sources of Aquitanian and Notre Dame polyphony?

Back 51

The parts are aligned vertically in score format

Front 52

In the notation of the rhythmic modes, the rhythmic duration of pitches was indicated by

Back 52

ligature patterns

Front 53

How many rhythmic modes are there?

Back 53

6

Front 54

Although Anonymous IV names Leoninus and Perotinus as creators of polyphony, scholars are unsure of exactly what they wrote. Why is this?

Back 54

No surviving sources of polyphony name Leoninus or Perotinus as the composers

Front 55

In Notre Dame-style polyphony, composers set melismas in the original chant as discant because

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setting melismas as organum would make the music too long

Front 56

Most substitute clausulae were written in

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discant style

Front 57

Voice exchange is when

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voices trades phrases

Front 58

A polyphonic conductus is a setting of

Back 58

a single Latin poem sung in all voices

Front 59

All of the following describe ways in which early thirteenth=century composers reworked motets except

Back 59

deleting the original chant and writing one or more new voices

Front 60

The term cantus firmus, introduced around 1270, is synonymous with which of the following terms?

Back 60

Tenor

Front 61

All of the following are names of rhythmic durations in Franconian notation except

Back 61

long

Front 62

A composer of late 13th century exhibits a preference for

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simple, syllabic, repeating melodies

Front 63

What effect did the Great Schism have on 14th century society?

Back 63

It weakened papal authority

Front 64

The Romans de Fauvel is an allegory about

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corruption at the French court

Front 65

The Roman de Fauvel includes isorhythmic motets by

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Philippe de Vitry

Front 66

14th Century music saw an increased use of thirds and sixths as

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imperfect sonsonances

Front 67

the following as an example of

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a hocket

Front 68

Why is it difficult to evaluate Machaut's place in the history of 14th century music?

Back 68

Very little music by his contemporaries survives

Front 69

Which of the following providers evidence that Machaut conceived of his polyphonic songs with the cantus, not the tenor, as the principle voice?

Back 69

At least one monophonic song appears in a lter manuscript with a tenor

Front 70

The Italian ballata is similar in form to the

Back 70

virelai

Front 71

All of the following guide scholars and performers about the use of voices and instruments in 14th century polyphony except

Back 71

the composers' indications in the manuscripts

Front 72

The concept in Greek philosophy that the universe is an orderly, unified system integrating everything from mathematical proportions, astronomy, philosophy, and social structures to a person's soul is called

Back 72

Harmonia

Front 73

Who issued the Edict of Milan, making it legal to practice Christianity in the Roman Empire

Back 73

Emporer Cenilatine

Front 74

Why did the church fathers disapprove of using musical instruments in church?

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They believed that only music delivered Christian teaching

Front 75

What is a neume?

Back 75

Early notation sign for melodic group

Front 76

Why did theorists in the Middle Ages consider it a liberal Art, along with such disciplines as dialectic and arithmetic?

Back 76

They thought more about the mathematical and philosophical aspects of music

Front 77

Who divided music into three categories?

Back 77

Boethius

Front 78

Explain the difference between the Proper and the Ordinary texts of the Mass

Back 78

Proper texts differ in each day of the church calendar

Ordinary texts are the same from week to week

Front 79

Explain the difference between antiphonal and responsorial.

Back 79

Antiphonal is when two groups alternate. Responsorial is when a soloist alternates with a group.

Front 80

Describe the social structure of medieval France

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Society was divided into 3 classes- nobility, clergy and peasants

Front 81

What is meant by a text that is in a "vernacular"

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Text in the local language

Front 82

What is a chansonnier?

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An anthology of songs

Front 83

What was a guild?

Back 83

An organization of professional artisans

Front 84

How did the music of the troubadours, centered in southern France, spread to other regions of Europe?

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Through the thrones of Eleanor of Aquitane, Albigensian Crusade (later)

Front 85

Who was the first vernacular poet-composer whose complete works were collected in a manuscript?

Back 85

Adam de la Halle

Front 86

Can this excerpt be from conductus?

Back 86

No because in conductus all voices are essentially set in the same rhthym

Front 87

What is the difference between a substitute clausula and an early motet?

Back 87

Basically the same. The difference is in the text

Front 88

How many voice parts are in a double motet?

Back 88

3