Music History Of The 19Th Century 3000 Unit 2 Exam

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Lied

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German art song, usually consisting of only voice and piano.

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Schubertiades

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an event held to celebrate the music of Franz Schubert.
generally informal, unadvertised gatherings, held at private homes

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Strophic

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the term applied to songs in which all verses or stanzas of the text are sung to the same music.

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Modified Strophic

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a type of strophic music that changes the melody, key, or rhythm in some sections.

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Song Cycle

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a group of songs designed to be performed in a sequence as a single entity

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Through Composed

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the music is relatively continuous, non-sectional, and/or non-repetitive.
different music for each stanza of the lyrics.
contrast to strophic

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Romanticism

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18th century movement in the arts emphasizing individuality

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Davidsbund

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Group of men, brought together by Robert Schumann, who wrote critiques on musical pieces.
Included Schumann's alter egos

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Florestan

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Schumann's fictional alter ego
Represented his masculine, intellectual, and bold side

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Eusebius

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Schumann's fictional alter ego
Represented his feminine, emotional, dreamlike side

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Character Piece

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19th century piano music based on a single idea or program.

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Sphinx

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mythical creature with the body of a lion and a human head.

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Musical Cryptogram

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a series of musical notes in a piece that can be transcribed to letters and form words.
(Hidden messages in songs)

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Virtuoso

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an individual who possesses outstanding technical ability in a particular field.

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Mathematical Sublime

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Greatness that also invokes fear

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Story of Faust

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Trading one's soul to the devil in exchange for virtuosity and unlimited skill.
Sacrificing moral integrity in order to become more powerful and skillful

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Lisztomania

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intense fan frenzy directed toward Franz Liszt during his performances.
(Like Beetlemania)

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Transcriptions

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written music

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Etude

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a short, difficult composition used to practice a particular musical skill

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Thematic Transformation

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the theme of the piece is reoccurring, but each time is transformed in some manor

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Nationalism

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pride for one's nation

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Exoticism

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pieces written domestically, that reflect the sounds and feelings of foreign music

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Mazurka

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Polish folk dance in triple meter

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Nocturne

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musical composition inspired by night

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Rubato

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expressive and rhythmic freedom by a slight speeding up and then slowing down of the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist or the conductor.

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Sehnsucht

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"longing", "yearning", or "craving"

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Chamber Music

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a form of classical music that is composed for a small group of instruments
—traditionally a group that could fit in a palace chamber.

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Counterpoint

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relationship between voices that are
-harmonically dependent
-rhythmically independent

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Program music

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a piece accompanied by a program that describes what the music is trying to invoke

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St. Matthew’s Passion

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piece, from the Passions, by Bach written for solo voices, double choir and double orchestra

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Amateur Choral Societies

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organization of amateur singers; a choir

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Berlin Singakademie

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choral society founded in Berlin in 1791 by Carl Friedrich Christian Fasch

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Chorales

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a melody to which a hymn is sung by a Christian congregation.

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Singspiel

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Type of German Opera
(like a musical)

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Zauberoper

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Magic Opera

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Melodrama

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a sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events intended to appeal to the emotions.

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Grand Treatise on Modern Instrumentation and Orchestration

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a technical study of Western musical instruments, written by Hector Berlioz.

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Program Symphony

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Musical compositions intended to depict or suggest nonmusical incidents, ideas, or images, such as those drawn from literature

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Idée Fixe

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a recurring theme or character trait that serves as the structural foundation of a work.

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Dies Irae

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thirteenth-century Latin hymn

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Grand Opera

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characterised by large-scale casts and orchestras

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St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

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huge killing of Huegnots (Protestants)

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Ein Feste Burg

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one of the best known of Martin Luther's hymns