Musculoskeletal Bone And Cartilage Histology

Front 1

In fibrous connective tissue we have _______ which consists of glucosamine and glucouronic acid.

Back 1

Hyaluronic Acid

Front 2

In cartilage we have ___________ which consists of galactosamine and glucouronic acid.

Back 2

Chondroitin

Front 3

T/F
Chondrocytes reside in lacunae

Back 3

True

Front 4

What type of growth does cartilage undergo?

Back 4

Interstitial Growth -expanding from the inside
Appositional growth - matrix deposited on surface

Front 5

What do the outer cells of the mesenchyme differentiate into?

Back 5

Fibroblasts - make collagen

Front 6

What do the cells on the inner layer of mesenchyme differentiate into?

Back 6

Chondroblasts

(inner layer of mesenchyme called the perichondrium)

Front 7

What type of growth do bones go under?

Back 7

Appositional Growth Only

Front 8

What type of collagen is found in cartilage?

Back 8

Type II

Front 9

What type of collagen is found in connective tissue and bone?

Back 9

Type I

Front 10

What are the clusters of related chondrocytes in their own little lacunae called?

Back 10

Cell Nests or Isogenous Cells

Front 11

What is found at the ends of bones?

Back 11

Articular Cartilage

Front 12

How is elastic cartilage different from hyaline cartilage?

Back 12

In addition to type II fibers there is also Elastic Fibers
(found in ear and tip of nose)

BENDABILITY

Front 13

How is fibrocartilage different from hyaline cartilage?

Back 13

Intermingles with connective tissue

(Joe's input - actually it is the only cartilage with both Type I & II collagen)

Front 14

T/F
You retain the same bone throughout life.

Back 14

False
You don't have a single molecule of bone that you had 4 years ago

Front 15

What are bones reservoirs for?

Back 15

Ca++

Front 16

What is the ratio of Inorganic to Organic composition of bone?

Back 16

2/3:1/3

Front 17

What is the organic component of bone?

Back 17

Mostly collagen to give flexibility

Front 18

What does the outermost layer of the periosteum do?

Back 18

Make Fibroblasts

Front 19

What does the innermost layer of the periosteum do?

Back 19

Makes cells that can differentiate into bone cells

Front 20

What is the layer lining the marrow cavity called?

Back 20

Endosteum

Front 21

What does the endosteum do?

Back 21

Makes new connective tissue cells and new bone cells

Front 22

What is one of the two spaces that bone formation occurs?

Back 22

Membranous environment

(& Cartilagenous environment)

Front 23

When does and osteoblast become an osteocyte?

Back 23

Once the osteoblast walls itself off in the osteoid in a lacunae - it can no longer divide

Front 24

What are the microscopically long channels through which oxygen can diffuse through bone?

Back 24

canaliculi

Front 25

T/F
Osteoblasts are eosinophilic because they are making a large amount of protein to export

Back 25

False
That makes them basophilic

Front 26

What is a multinucleated bone cell?

Back 26

Osteoclast

Front 27

What first produces acid that demineralizes bone then uses a lysozomal enzyme that breaks down collagen?

Back 27

Osteoclasts

Front 28

What is another name for haversion systems?

Back 28

Osteons

Front 29

What carries the nerves and blood vessels within bone?

Back 29

Haversion canals