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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the properties of muscles. |
1. Excitability / Irritability 2. Contractibility 3. Extensibility 4. Elasticity |
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Name the 2 types of muscles. |
Voluntary and involuntary. |
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What is a voluntary muscle? |
It moves under conscious control. |
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What is an involuntary muscle? |
It moves under unconscious control. |
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Name the 3 main kinds of muscles. |
1. Cardiac 2. Visceral or smooth 3. Skeletal |
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What is a cardiac muscle? |
A heart muscle, it is involuntary. |
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What is a visceral or smooth muscle? |
Muscle of the GI tract, it is involuntary. |
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What is a skeletal muscle? |
Extreme ties and back muscle, it is voluntary. |
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Name the skeletal muscle functions. |
1. Attach to bones to provide MOVEMENT 2. PRODUCE HEAT + ENERGY 3. Help maintain POSTURE 4. PROTECT internal organs |
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What do tendons attach? |
Muscle to bone. |
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What do ligaments attach? |
Bone to bone, |
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What is a fibrous membrane that covers, connects, supports, and separates muscles? |
Fascia. |
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Name muscle actions. |
1. Adduction 2. Abduction 3. Flexion 4. Extension 5. Rotation 6. Pronation 7. Supination 8. Circumduction 9. Dorsiflexion 10. Plantar flexion |
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What is adduction? |
Moving a body part towards the body. |
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What is abduction? |
Moving a body part away from the body. |
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What is flexion? |
Bending a limb or joint. |
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What is extension? |
A straightening movement. |
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What is rotation? |
Movement of a muscle at a joint. |
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What is pronation? |
Palms down. |
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What is supination? |
Palms up. |
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What is circumduction? |
Circular movement of a body part. |
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What is dorsiflexion? |
Pull toe up. |
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What is plantar flexion? |
Point toe. |
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What is it called when muscles shrink in size and lose strength due to decrease in activity or injury? |
Muscular atrophy. |
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What is a contracture? |
Severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in the bending of a joint (SHORTENING OF MUSCLE AT A JOINT). |
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What can cause a strain to a muscle or tendon? |
Over stretching. |
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A sprain involves what? |
Ligaments. |
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What does RICE mean? |
R - rest I - ice C - compression E - elevation |
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What are 2 rules when it comes to ice? |
1. Barrier 2. 20 mins on, 20 mins off |
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What level should you elevate? |
Above level of heart. |
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Muscular dystrophy is _______. |
Genetic. |
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The life expectancy for someone with muscular dystrophy is _______. |
20 years. |
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What is range of motion? |
Full motion of joint. |
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What is active range of motion? |
Patient move own joint. |
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What is passive range of motion? |
You move joint for patient. |
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Rules to PROM? |
1. Support above and below a joint. 2. Don't cause pain. 3. Privacy. |
