Muscular System Part 1 (Axial Skeleton)

Front 1

origin

Back 1

attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction

Front 2

insertion

Back 2

movable part or attachment of a muscle, as opposed to being the muscle's origin

Front 3

Action

Back 3

movement caused by muscle contractions

Front 4

rectus

Back 4

straight

Front 5

buccinator
(bu'si-na"ter)

Back 5

cheek muscle, principle muscle of the cheek, compresses as in sucking and whistling

Front 6

orbicularis oris

Back 6

circular muscle around the mouth, closes the mouth. ie :kissing muscle, whistling muscle

Front 7

risorius
(ri-zor"e-us)

Back 7

pulls corners of the mouth laterally
when you give a fake smile you use this muscle

Front 8

orbicularis oculi

Back 8

sphincter muscle of the eyelid, closes the eye,blinking, squinting

Front 9

levator palpebrae superioris

Back 9

lifts the upper eyelid

Front 10

platysma

Back 10

tenses the skin of the neck, sheetlike

Front 11

Masseter
(mah-se'ter)

Back 11

elevates the mandible, prime mover of jaw closure

Front 12

temporalis

Back 12

fan shaped, covers part of the temporal bone, closes the jaw, elevates and retracts the mandible

Front 13

The Squamousal Suture

Back 13

origin of the temporalis muscle

Front 14

Glosso

Back 14

Tongue

Front 15

Genio

Back 15

Chin

Front 16

Superior Rectus Muscle

Back 16

rotates the eye upward

Front 17

Inferior Rectus Muscle

Back 17

rotates the eye downward

Front 18

Lateral Rectus Muscle

Back 18

rotates eye laterally

Front 19

Medial Rectus Muscle

Back 19

rotates eye inward

Front 20

Superior Oblique Muscle

Back 20

rotates eye laterally and downward

Front 21

Inferior Oblique Muscle

Back 21

rotates eye laterally and upward

Front 22

Superior/Middle/Inferior Constrictor Muscle

Back 22

constricts the pharaynx to swallow

Front 23

Digastric Muscle

Back 23

forms a "V" under the chin, opens the mouth and depresses the mandible

Front 24

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 24

muscle goes from the Sternum-Clavicle up to the Mastoid process., has 2 heads or points of origin
flexes and laterally rotates the head
**the insertion is SUPERIOR to the origin**

Front 25

Suprahyoid Muscles

Back 25

muscles that help form floor of the oral cavity, anchor the tongue, elevate the hyoid and move the larynx superiorly during swallowing.

LIE SUPERIOR TO THE HYOID BONE

Front 26

Infrahyoid Muscles

Back 26

straplike muscles that depress the hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing and speaking

Front 27

Trapezius

Back 27

ie: the shoulder shrugger

stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates the scapula

flat and triangular

Front 28

Deltoid

Back 28

prime mover of the arm abduction when all fibers contract at the same time.

multipennate muscle, rounded shoulder

Front 29

Supraspinatus

Back 29

rotator cuff muscle, deep to the trapezius

Initiates abduction

Front 30

Infraspinatus

Back 30

partially covered by the deltoid and trapezius, a rotator cuff muscle

rotates the humerus laterally

Front 31

Latissimus Dorsi

Back 31

ie: the "lats" broad, flat, triangular muscle of the lower back

prime mover of arm extension, adductionand medial rotation at the shoulder

Front 32

Pectoralis Major

Back 32

large fan shaped muscle covering the upper portion of the chest.

prime mover of arm flexion, rotates are medially, adducts arm against resistance

Front 33

External Oblique

Back 33

largest and most superficial of the 3 lateral muscles, fibers run downward and medially

flex vertebral column, compress the abdominal wall, trunk rotation and lateral flexion

Front 34

erector spinae group

Back 34

prime mover of back extension, consists of 3 columns: iliocostalis, longissimus and spinalis

Front 35

ilicostalis

Back 35

extend from pelvis to neck, most lateral muscle group of the erector spinae group

extend and laterally flex the vertebral column

Front 36

longissimus

Back 36

intermediate muscle group of the erector spinae group. mainly passes between transverse processes of the vertebrae

extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column

Front 37

spinalis

Back 37

most medial muscle column of the erector spinae, extend the vertebral column
(thoracic to cervical)

Front 38

intercostal muscles

Back 38

both external and internal, breathing muscles
external: inhalation, the ribs move upward
internal: exhalation
in between the rib muscles

Front 39

diaphragm

Back 39

can only contract, is immediately superior to the liver, dome shaped

Front 40

rectus abdominis

Back 40

flex/rotate lumbar region of the vertebral column, medial muscle pair, the 6-pack muscles

Front 41

tendinous intersections

Back 41

3 that divide the rectus abdominis into the "6-pack"

Front 42

internal oblique

Back 42

flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall

most fibers run superiorly and medially

Front 43

transversus abdominis

Back 43

deepest muscle of the abdominal wall, fibers run horizontally

compresses abdominal contents

Front 44

linea alba

Back 44

The White Line

there is no muscle there and is used as a surgical landmark

Front 45

levator ani

Back 45

muscle of the pelvic diaphragm

supports and maintains the position of pelvic viscera

Front 46

Coccygeus

Back 46

small triangular muscle lying posteriorly to levator ani

supports pelvic viscera

Front 47

External Urethral Sphincter

Back 47

muscle encircling the vagina and urethra, constricts the urethra

Front 48

External Anal Sphincter

Back 48

closes the anal opening

Front 49

bulbospongiosus
(bul"bo-spun"je-o'sus)

Back 49

encloses the base of the penis in males , lies deep to the labia in females

stiffens the penis, ejects urine and semen

in females; stiffens the clitoris,narrows the vaginal opening

Front 50

ischiocavernosus
(is'ke-o-kav'ern-o-sus)

Back 50

runs from pelvis to base if penis or clitoris

maintains erection of penis/clitoris