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209 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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origin |
the less movable location on a bone where a muscle attaches |
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insertion |
the more movable attachment on a bone where a muscle attaches |
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adduct |
a muscle that moves a limb toward the midline of the body |
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abducts |
a muscles that moves the limb away from the midline of a body |
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ventral muscles of the head |
-masseter -mylohyoid -diagastric -stylohyoid |
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ventral superficial muscles of the neck |
-sternomastoid -sternohyoid -omohyoid |
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ventral deep muscles of the neck |
-sternothyroid -thyrohyoid |
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masseter |
-muscle of the head -ventrally and laterally located -the largest and most obvious jaw muscle -elevates mandible (primary muscle involved in chewing) |
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location/description of masseter |
-ventral and lateral aspects of the head -the largest and most obvious jaw muscle |
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function of the masseter |
-elevates the mandible -primary chewing muscle |
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mylohyoid |
-muscle of the head -located ventrally -a thin muscle that runs transversely along the midline of the underside of the jaw -raises floor of mouth |
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location/description of mylohyoid |
-ventral aspect of the head -a thin muscle that runs transversely along the midline of the underside of the jaw |
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function of the mylohyoid |
raises floor of mouth |
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digastric |
-muscle of the head -ventrally located -located along the lateral side of the mylohyoid -extends from the tip of the jaw to the base of the jaw -depresses mandible |
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location/description of digastric |
-ventral aspect of head -located along the lateral side of the mylohyoid -extends from the tip of the jaw to the base of the jaw |
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function of digastric |
depresses mandible |
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stylohyoid |
-muscle of the head -located ventrally -lies underneath the masseter (protrudes from the ventral border of the masseter) -raises (lifts) the hyoid; draws base of tongue and larynx dorsally and caudally |
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location/description of stylohyoid |
-ventral aspect of head -lies underneath the masseter (protrudes from the ventral border of the masseter) |
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function of stylohyoid |
-raises (lifts) the hyoid); draws base of tongue and larynx dorsally and caudally |
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sternomastoid |
-superficial muscle of the neck -ventrally located -long, prominent muscle located caudal and dorsal to the masseter -flexes head |
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location/description of sternomastoid |
-superficial muscle of the ventral aspect of the neck -long, prominent muscle located caudal and dorsal to the masseter |
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function of sternomastoid |
flexes head |
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sternohyoid |
-superficial muscle of the neck -ventrally located -a long, thin muscle that runs longitudinally caudal to the mylohyoid -pulls hyoid bone and tongue caudally |
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location/description of sternohyoid |
-superficial, ventral aspect of neck -a long, thin muscle that runs longitudinally caudal to the mylohyoid |
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function of sternhyoid |
pulls hyoid bone and tongue caudally |
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omohyoid |
-superficial muscle of the ventral aspect of the neck -a large muscle which crosses underneath the sternomastoid -extends outward at an angel from the base of the jaw to the shoulder -draws hyoid bone caudally; retracts roof of tongue |
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location/description of omohyoid |
-superficial and ventral aspect of the neck -a large muscle that crosses underneath the sternomastoid -extends outward at an angle from the base of the jaw to shoulder |
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function of omohyoid |
draws hyoid bone caudally; retracts roof of tongue |
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sternothyroid |
-deep muscle of the ventral aspect of the neck -lies directly underneath the sternohyoid -moves larynx caudally |
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location/description of sternothyroid |
-deep and ventral aspect of the neck -lies directly underneath the sternohyoid |
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function of sternothyroid |
moves larynx caudally (during vocalizations) |
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muscles of the lateral head and neck |
-temporalis -masseter -brachiocephalicus (cleidomastoid and cleidooccipitalis) |
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muscles of the lateral shoulder and back |
-omotransversarius -trapezius -supraspinatus -deltoid -latissius dorsi |
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muscles of the lateral chest |
-pectoralis profundus -serratus ventralis |
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muscles of the lateral forelimb |
-triceps brachii -extensor carpi radialis -ulnaris lateralis -extensor digitorum communis -extensor digitorum quinti -extnesor digitorum lateralis |
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temporalis |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the head and neck -lies dorsal to the masseter, somewhat posterior to the eye socket, rostral to the ear -elevates mandible |
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location/description of temporalis |
-superficial and lateral aspect of head and neck -lies dorsal to the masseter, somewhat posterior to the eye socket, rostral to the ear |
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function of temporalis |
elevates mandible |
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brachiocephalicus |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the head and neck -composed of the cheidomastoid and cleidooccipitalis muscles -located behind the ear from the base of the skull to the upper front shoulder -moves forelimb cranially |
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location/description of brachiocephalicus |
-superficial and lateral aspect of the head and neck -located behind the ear from the base of the skull to the upper front shoulder
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function of brachiocephalicus |
moves forelimb cranially |
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muscles which make up the brachiocephalicus |
-cleeidomastoid -cleidooccipitalis |
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omotrasversarius |
-superficial muscle of the lateral shoulder and back region -narrow muscle which extends between the atlas and the scapula -assists in advancing the forelimb |
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location/description of omotrasversaris |
-superficial and lateral region of the shoulder and back -narrow muscle -extends between the atlas and the scapula |
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function of omotrasversaris |
-assists in advancing the forelimb |
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trapezius |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspects of the shoulder and back -elevates scapula and draws scapula laterally |
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location of trapezius |
-superficial and lateral aspect of the shoulder and back |
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function of trapezius |
-elevates scapula and draws scapula laterally |
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supraspinatus |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the shoulder and back -fairly small muscle -located at the point where the brachiocephalicus and the deltoid overlap -extends shoulder |
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location/description of supraspinatus |
-superficial and lateral aspects of shoulder and back -fairly small muscle -located at the point where the brachiocephalicus and the deltoid overlap |
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function of supraspinatus |
extends shoulder |
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deltoid |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the shoulder and back -fairly large muscle which runs from the mid-back (near the trapezius) across the front of the shoulder to the junction of the elbow -flexes shoulder; abducts forelimb |
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latissimus dorsi |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the shoulder and black -a large, broad muscle which attaches to the humerus -flexes shoulder; moves forelimb dorsally and caudally |
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location/description of deltoid |
-superficial and lateral aspect of shoulder and back -fairly large muscle which runs from the mid-back (near the trapezius) across the front of the shoulder to the junction of the elbow |
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function of deltoid |
-flexes shoulder; abducts forelimb |
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location/description of latissimus dorsi |
-superficial and lateral aspect of shoulder and back -a large, broad muscle which attaches to the humerus |
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function of latissimus dorsi |
-flexes shoulder; moves forelimb dorsally and caudally |
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pectoralis profundus |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the chest -attaches to the crest of the scapula and the supraspinatus at the cranial end -attaches to the humerus at the other end -adducts forelimb |
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location/description of pectoralis profundus |
-superficial and lateral aspect of the chest -attaches to the crest of the scapula and the supraspinatus at the cranial end -attaches to the humerus at the other end |
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function of pectoralis profundus |
-adducts forelimb |
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serratus ventralis |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the chest -large, fan-shaped muscle that runs along the ribs -pulls scapula caudally and downward -supports a lot of the weight of the trunk of the body |
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location/description of serratus ventralis |
-superficial and lateral aspect of chest -fan-shaped and runs along the ribs |
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function of serratus ventralis |
-pulls scapula caudally and downward -supports a lot of weight in the trunk of the body |
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triceps brachii |
-superficial muscle of the lateral and medial aspect of the forelimb -a group of muscles -runs perpendicular to the deltoid, traveling from the scapula to the back of the elbow -extends forelimb |
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location/description of triceps brachii |
-superficial and lateral and medial aspects of forelimb -runs perpendicular to the deltoid, traveling from the scapula to the back of the elbow |
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function of triceps brachii |
-extends forelimb |
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extensor carpi radialis |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the forelimb -the most medial of the extensor muscles -extends the carpus |
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location/description of extensor carpi radialis |
-superficial and lateral aspect of forelimb -the most medial of the extensor muscles |
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function of extensor carpi radialis |
extends the carpus |
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ulnaris lateralis |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the forelimb -the most lateral extensor -extends the carpus |
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location/description of ulnaris lateralis |
-superficial and lateral aspect of forelimb -the most lateral extensor |
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function of ulnaris lateralis |
-extends the carpus |
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extensor digitorum communis |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the forelimb -lies on the lateral side of the extensor carpi radialis -extends the joints of the principle digits |
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location/description of extensor digitorum communis |
-superficial and lateral aspect of forelimb -lies lateral to the extensor carpi radialis |
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function of extensor digitorum communis |
-extends the joints of the principle digits |
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extensor digitorum quinti |
-superficial muscles of the lateral aspect of the forelimb -lies between the extensor digitorum lateralis and ulnaris lateralis -extends the fifth digit |
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location/description of extensor digitorum quinti |
-superficial and lateral aspect of the forelimb -lies beween the extensor digitorum lateralis and ulnaris lateralis |
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function of extensor digitorum quinti |
-extends the fifth digit |
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extensor digitorum lateralis |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the forelimb -lies lateral to the extensor digitorum communis -extends the fourth digit |
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location/description of the extensor digitorum lateralis |
-superficial and lateral aspect of forelimb -lies lateral to the extensor digitorum communis |
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function of extensor digitorum lateralis |
-extends the fourth digit |
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thyrohyoid |
-deep muscle of the ventral aspect of the neck -lies underneath the omohyoid -moves hyoid caudally and dorsally |
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location/description of thyrohyoid |
-deep and ventral aspect of neck -lies underneath the omohyoid |
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function of thyrohyoid |
-moves the hyoid bone caudally and dorsally |
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superficial muscles of the medial aspect of the forelimb |
-triceps brachii -biceps brachii -flexor carpi radialis -flexor carpi ulnaris -flexor digitorum profundus -flexor digitorum superficialis |
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superficial muscles of the medial chest |
-pectoralis superficialis -pectoralis profundus |
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deep muscles of the medial chest |
-teres major -subscapularis -coracobrachialis |
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biceps brachii |
-superficial muscles of the medial aspect of the forelimb -located along the proximal portion of the forelimb -flexes the forelimb |
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location/description of the biceps brachii |
-superficial muscles of the medial aspect of the forelimb -located along the proximal portion of the forelimb |
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function of the biceps brachii |
flexes the forelimb |
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flexor carpi radialis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the forelimb -most medial of the flexors -connect directly to the radius -flexes the carpus and digits |
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location of the flexor carpi radialis |
-superficial and medial aspect of the forelimb -most medial of the flexors -connect directly to the radius
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function of flexor carpi radialis |
flexes the carpus and digits |
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flexor carpi ulnaris |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the forelimb -the most lateral of the flexors -extends to the point of the elbow -flexes the carpus |
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location/description of flexor carpi ulnaris |
-superficial and medially located on the forelimb -the most lateral of the flexors -extends to the point of the elbow |
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function of flexor carpi ulnaris |
-flexes the carpus |
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flexor digitorum profundus |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the forelimb -located next to the flexor carpi radialis -flexes the carpus and digits |
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location/description of flexor digitorum profundus |
-superficially and medially located on the forelimb -located next to the flexor carpi radialis |
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function of flexor digitorum profundus |
-flexes the carpus and digits |
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flexor digitorum superficialis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the forelimb -next to the flexor carpi ulnaris -flexes the proximal and middle joints of the digits |
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location/description of flexor digitorum superficialis |
-superficially and medially located on the forelimb next to the flexor carpi ulnaris |
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funciton of the flexor digitorum superficialis |
flexes the proximal and middle joints of hte digits |
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pectoralis superficialis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the chest -located on the ventral side of the chest and overlaps a portion of the pectoralis profundus -adducts forelimb |
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location/description of pectoralis superficialis |
-superficially and medially located on the chest -located on the ventral side of the chest and overlaps a portion of the pectoralis profundus |
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function of pectoralis superficialis |
adducts forelimb |
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pectoralis profundus |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the chest -crosses the chest at an angle from the shoulder to the midline of the chest -adducts the forelimb |
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location/description of pectoralis profundus |
-superficially and medially located on the chest -crosses the chest at an angle from the shoulder to the midline of the chest |
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function of pectoralis profundus |
adducts the forelimb |
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teres major |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the chest -beneath the superficial pectoral muscles and alongside the subscapularis -flexes shoulder; adducts forelimb |
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location/description of teres major |
-deeply and medially located on the chest -beneath the superficial pectoral muscles and alongside the subscapularis |
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function of teres major |
-flexes shoulder; adducts forelimb |
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subscapularis |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the chest -located beneath the superficial pectoral muscles and alongside the teres major -braces shoulder; adducts forelimb |
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location of subscapularis |
-deeply and medially located in the chest -located beneath the superficial pectoral muscles and alongside the teres major |
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function of subscapularis |
braces shoulder; adducts forelimb |
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coracobrachialis |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the forelimb -buried about halfway down the length of the upper forelimb -braces medial aspect of shoulder |
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location/description of coracobrachialis |
-deeply and medially located in the forelimb -buried about halfway down the length of the upper forelimb |
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function of coracobrachialis |
-braces medial aspect of shoulder |
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muscles of the abdomen |
-external abdominal oblique -internal abdominal oblique -transversus abdominis -serratus dorsalis |
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external abdominal oblique |
-the outermost abdominal muscle layer -the muscle's fibers run diagonally across the abdomen at an oblique angle to the torso -compresses the abdomen and flexes the trunk |
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location/description of external abdominal obliques |
-the outermost abdominal muscle layer -the muscle's fibers run diagonally across the abdomen at an oblique angle to the torso |
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function of the external abdominal obliques |
compresses abdomen and flexes trunk |
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internal abdominal obliques |
-located under the external abdominal oblique muscles -these muscle fibers run at a 90 degree angle to the external abdominal obliques -compresses abdomen and flexes the trunk |
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location/description of internal abdominal obliques |
-located under the external abdominal oblique muscles -these muscle fibers run at a 90 degree angle to the external abdominal obliques |
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function of abdominal obliques |
compresses abdomen and flexes the trunk |
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transversus abdominis muscles |
-innermost layer of abdominal muscle fibers -muscle fibers run horizontally across the trunk (perpendicular to the long axis of the body) -compresses the abdomen and flexes the trunk |
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location/description of transversus abdominis muscles |
-innermost layer of abdominal muscle fibers -muscle fibers run horizontally across the trunk (perpendicular to the long axis of the body) |
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function of transversus abdominis muscles |
-compresses the abdomen and flexes the trunk |
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serratus dorsalis |
-lies dorsal to the external abdominal obliques -has a "serrated" appearance -raises the rib cage and enlarges the thoracic cavity assisting with ventilation of the lungs during respiration |
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location/description of serratus dorsalis |
-lies dorsal to the external abdominal obliques -has a "serrated" appearance |
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function of serratus dorsalis |
-raises the rib cage and enlarges the thoracic cavity assisting with ventilation of the lungs during respiration |
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superficial muscles of the lateral aspect of the pelvic region and hindlimb |
-tensor faciae latae -rectus femoris -gluteus medius -gluteus superficialis -biceps femoris -semitendinosus -semitmembranosus |
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tensor fasciae latae |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -most cranial muscle of of the hindlimb -originates on the crest of the ilium and attaches to the front of the knee -extends hindlimb |
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location/description of tensor fasciae latae |
-superficially and laterally located on hindlimb -most cranial muscle of the hindlimb -originates on the crest of the ilium and attaches to the front of the knee |
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function of the tensor fasciae latae |
-extends the hindlimb |
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rectus femoris |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to the tensor fasciae latae -extends the hindlimb and moves the thigh forward |
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location/description of rectus femoris |
-superfically and laterally located on hindlimb -caudal to the tensor fasciae latae
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function of rectus femoris |
-extends hindlimb and moves thigh forward |
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gluteus medius |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -one of the larger muscles in the upper thigh region -extends the leg (thigh) and abducts the thigh |
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location/description of gluteus medius |
-superficially and laterally located in the hindlimb -one of the larger muscles in the upper thigh region |
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function of gluteus medius |
extends leg (thigh) and abducts thigh |
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gluteus superficialis |
-superficial muscle of lateral aspect of hindlimb -caudal to gluteus medius -small muscle which lies alongside the biceps femoris -abducts thigh |
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location/description of gluteus superficialis |
-superficially and laterally located on the hindlimb -caudal to gluteus medius -small muscle which lies alongside the biceps femoris |
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function of the gluteus superficialis |
abducts thigh |
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biceps femoris |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -largest muscle of the thigh -abducts thigh; flexes hindlimb |
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location/description of biceps femoris |
-superficially and laterally located in hindlimb -largest muscle of the thigh |
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function of biceps femoris |
-abducts thigh; flexes hindlimb |
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semitendinosus |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to the biceps femoris -extend the thigh and flexes the hindlimb |
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location/description of semitendinosus |
-superficially and laterally located on hindlimb -caudal to biceps femoris |
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function of semitendinosus |
-extend thigh and flexes hindlimb |
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semimembranosus |
-superficial muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to the biceps femoris -extends the hip and abbducts the hindlimb |
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superficial muscles of the medial aspect of the hindlimb |
-sartorius -gracilis -vastus -medialis -tibialis anterior -tibialis posterior -flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis -gastrocnemius and soleus |
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deep muscles of the medial aspect of the hindlimb |
-iliacus -psoas major -pectineus -adductor |
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deep muscles of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb |
-vastus lateralis -quadratus femoris -gastrocnemius and soleus -glueus profundus -peroneus longus -peroneus tertius -extensor digitorum longus -extensor digiti quarti and quinti |
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function of sartorius |
extends hindlimb; adducts thigh |
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function of gracilis |
adducts thich |
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function of vastus medialis |
extends hindlimb |
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function of tibialis anterior |
extends hindlimb |
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function of tibialis anterior |
flexes hindfoot |
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function of tibialis posterior |
flexes and inverts hindfoot |
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function of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis |
flexes hindfoot |
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function of gastrocnemius |
extends hindfoot |
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function of soleus |
extends hindfoot |
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function of iliacus |
flexes hip and rotates thigh |
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function of posas major |
flexes hip and rotates thigh |
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function of pectineus |
flexes hip and adducts thigh |
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function of adductor |
adducts thigh |
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fuction of vastus lateralis |
extends hindlimb |
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function of quardratus femoris |
extends hip |
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function of gluteus profundus |
abducts thigh and rotates it medially |
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function of peroneus longus |
flexes hindfoot; abducts and everts |
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function of peroneus teritus |
flexes and everts hindfoot |
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function of extensor digitorum longus |
extends tarsus (ankle) and digits |
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function of extensor digiti quarti and quinti |
extends hindfoot |
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sartorius |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -the most cranial thigh muscle -extends hindlimb;adducts thigh |
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location/description of sartorius |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -most cranial thigh muscle |
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gracilis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -largest and most prominent muscle on the medial aspect of the thigh -adducts thigh |
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function/location of gracilis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -largest and most prominent muscle of the medial aspect of the thigh |
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vastus medialis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -originates from the medial aspect of the femur, inserts upon the juncture of the tibia -extends the hindlimb |
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location/description of vastus medialis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -originates from the medial aspect of the femur, inserts upon the juncture of the tibia |
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tibialis anterior |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -most cranial of the flexor muscles of the hindlimb -flexes hindfoot |
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location/description of tibialis anterior |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -most cranial of the flexor muscles of the hindlimb |
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tibialis posterior |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -flexor muscle of the hindlimb -located just caudal to the tibia -flexes and inverts hindfoot |
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location/description of tibialis posterior |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -flexor muscle of the hindlimb -located just caudal to the tibia |
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flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis |
-superficial muscles of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -the 3rd group of flexor muscles -flexes hindfoot |
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location/description of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis |
-superficial muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -3rd group of flexor muscles |
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gastrocnemius and soleus |
-superficial muscles of the medial and lateral aspects of the hindlimb -comprise the calf muscles -found on the inner portion of the leg behind the knee joint -extend the hindfoot |
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location/description of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles |
-superficial muscles of the medial and lateral aspects of the hindlimb -comprise the calf muscles -found on the inner portion of the leg behind the knee joint |
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iliacus |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -most cranial of the deep muscles -flexes hip and rotates thigh |
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location/description of iliacus |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -most cranial of the deep muscles |
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psoas major |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -lies alongside the iliacus -originates from the vertebral column and inserts along the femur near the knee joint -flexes hip and rotates thigh |
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location/description of psoas major |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -lies alongside the iliacus -originates from the vertebral column and inserts along the femur near the knee joint |
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pectineus |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -deep flexor muscle of the hip -lies next to the sartorius -flexes hip and adducts thigh |
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location/description of pectineus |
-flexes hip and adducts thigh |
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adductor |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to the pectineus -adducts the thigh |
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location/description of adductor |
-deep muscle of the medial aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to pectineus |
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vastus lateralis |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -a prominent muscle which extends from the femur to the tibia near the knee -extends hindlimb |
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location/description of vastus lateralis |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -a prominent muscle which extends from the femur to the tibia near the knee |
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quadratus femoris |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to the vastus lateralis -a small quadricep muscle of the thigh extends the hip and hindlimb |
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location/description of quadratus femoris |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -caudal to vastus lateralis -small quadricep muscle |
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gluteus profundus |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -small -abducts thigh and rotates it medially |
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location/description of gluteus profundus |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -small |
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peroneus longus |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -located along the cranial aspect of the tibia -flexes hindfoot. abducts and everts |
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location/description of peroneus longus |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -located along the cranial aspect of the tibia |
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peroneus tertius |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -located along the cranial aspect of the tibia -smaller than the peroneus longus -flexes and everts the hindfoot |
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location/description of peroneus tertius |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -located along the cranial aspect of the tibia -smaller than the peroneus longus |
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extensor digitorum longus |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -an extensor muscle -extends the tarsus and digits |
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location/description of the extensor digitorum longus |
-deep muscle of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -an extensor muscle of the hindlimb |
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extensor digiti quarti and quinti |
-deep muscles of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -extensor muscles of the hindlimb -extends hindfoot |
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location/description of the extensor digiti quarti and quinti muscles |
-deep muscles of the lateral aspect of the hindlimb -extensor muscles of the hindlimb |
