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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is muscle hypertrophy & what causes it?
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increase in muscle mass ; Strength training
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what maintains posture & what type of contraction is it?
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muscle tone; tonic contraction
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what is the main muscle used in breathing
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Diaphragm
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what is the muscle attachment to a stationary bone
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origin
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what do tendons do
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attach to a bone or other structure
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2 things required for muscle to contract
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1. Calcium
2. ATP |
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Flexion
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Movement that decreases the angle btwn 2 bones @ a joint
ex/ bending over |
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Extension
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movement that increases angle btwn 2 bones @ joint
ex/ stretching |
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Abduction
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movement away from midline of body
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Adduction
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moment toward midline of body
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Rotation
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movement around a longitudinal axis
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Circumduction
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limb moves in a circle
ex/ pitch wind up to throw ball |
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Supination
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palm turned to anterior position
ex/ rotating hand upward |
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Pronation
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moving palm downward
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Doriflexion
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moving foot towards leg
ex/ moving toes upward |
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Plantarflexion
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foot is pointed downward
ex/ ballerina |
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difference between sPrain & sTrain
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sPrain= ligament Damage from injury
sTrain= Tearing or injury to muscle |
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crush injuries can cause_____. because the release of _____
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muscle trauma cause kidney failure; from myoglobin release cell contents
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Viral infection of nerves to the muscle
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Poliomyelitis
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Autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness especially in the face
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Myasthenia Gravis
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helps rise body temperature
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shivering
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drastic drop in body temperature
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hypothermia
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2 things lined w/ synovial membrane & faciliTate body movements
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1. Tendon Sheaths
2. Bursae |
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muscles attachment to the MOVABLE bone is called
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insertion
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middle & main section of the muscle is called the
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body of the muscle
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3 types of muscle tissue:
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1. Cardiac
2. Skeletal muscle 3. Smooth muscle |
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cardiac & smooth have in common
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both cross striated
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3 names for SMOOTH MUSCLE
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1. nonstriated
2. involuntary 3. visceral |
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2 names for skeletal muscle
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1. striated
2. voluntary |
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another name for muscle fiber
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muscle
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if cells are stimulated repeatedly w/out rest ____ occurs
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fatigue
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what does oxygen debt do
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increases metabolism in cell to remove excess lactic acid
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when oxygen runs low, cells swithc to ___ that doesn't require oxygen & MAY RESULT IN____?
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lactic acid
MUSCLE BURNING SENSATION |
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required to pay 'Oxygen Debt'
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labored breathing
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inflammation of the tendons
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tendinitis
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name for muscle pain
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myalgia
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what happens in gluteus medius
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intermusclar injections
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1 muscle responsible for particular movement
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prime mover
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other muscles that HELP in producing movement
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Synergists
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types of muscles are: Biceps/Triceps & Quad/Hamstrings
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Antagonists
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TYPE OF CONTRACTION
lifting book off desk |
isotonic
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TYPE OF CONTRACTION
pushing immovable object |
isometric
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Aerobis training is known as _____ training & increases # of ___ & ____
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endurance; blood vessels & mitochondria
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3 things mitochondria delivers & produces
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1.oxygen
2.nutrients 3.ATP |
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another term for weight lifting ____ & does what to muscles?
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strength training; increase muscle mass
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genetic disease; muscle degeneration resulting in complete helplessness
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Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
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common form of DMD _____ & occurs MOSTLY in ____
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Psedudohypertrophy; boys
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blood cell formation
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hemenopolosis
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voluntary muscle aka (2)
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1. striated
2. skeletal |
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reflex is a twitch
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isolated
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cardiac is what 2
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1.striated
2.voluntary |
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smooth muscles are open or close
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closed
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