Muscles And Functions

Front 1

Frontalis

Back 1

Raises eyebrows

Front 2

occipitalis

Back 2

Tenses and retracts scalp

Front 3

temporalis

Back 3

elevates mandible

Front 4

orbicularis oculi

Back 4

closes eye

Front 5

zygomaticus minor

Back 5

retracts and elevates upper lip

Front 6

zygomaticus major

Back 6

retracts and elevates corners of mouth

Front 7

risorius

Back 7

draws corners of mouth to side

Front 8

orbicularis oris

Back 8

compresses purses lips

Front 9

depressor anguli oris

Back 9

depresses lower lip

Front 10

mentalis

Back 10

elevates and protrudes lower lip

Front 11

masseter

Back 11

elevates mandible and closes jaw

Front 12

buccinator

Back 12

compresses cheeks

Front 13

medial pterygoid

Back 13

elevates mandible, closes jaw, lateral excursion

Front 14

lateral pterygoid

Back 14

opens jaw, protrudes mandible, lateral excursion

Front 15

platysma

Back 15

tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible

Front 16

sternocleidomastoid

Back 16

together: flex neck, alone: bends head toward shoulder turns face to opp side.

Front 17

splenius capitis

Back 17

together: extend neck, each rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side

Front 18

semispinalis capitis

Back 18

together: extend head each extends and laterally flexes neck.

Front 19

external intercostal

Back 19

elevates ribs

Front 20

internal intercostals

Back 20

depresses ribs

Front 21

rectus abdominis

Back 21

depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column

Front 22

external oblique

Back 22

compresses abs, depresses ribs, flexes/bends spine

Front 23

internal oblique

Back 23

compresses abs, depresses ribs, flexes/bends spine

Front 24

transversus abdominis

Back 24

compresses abdomin

Front 25

diaphragm

Back 25

contraction expands thoracic cavity compresses abdominopelvic cavity

Front 26

pectoralis major

Back 26

flexion, adduction, medial rotation at shoulder

Front 27

serratus anterior

Back 27

protracts shoulder, rotates scapula so glenoid cavity moves superiorly

Front 28

pectoralis minor

Back 28

depresses and protracts shoulder, rotates scapula so glenoid cavity moves inferiorly.

Front 29

trapezius

Back 29

may elevate, retract, depress or rotate scapula upward, elevate clavicle or extend neck.

Front 30

latissimus dorsi

Back 30

extension, adduction, medial rotation at shoulder

Front 31

rhomboids

Back 31

both: adducts scapula and performs downward rotation

Front 32

deltoid

Back 32

whole: abduction at shoulder, anterior: flextion and medial rotation, posterior: extension and lateral rotation

Front 33

teres minor

Back 33

lateral rotation at shoulder

Front 34

teres major

Back 34

extension, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder.

Front 35

infraspinatus

Back 35

lateral rotation at shoulder

Front 36

supraspinatus

Back 36

abduction at shoulder

Front 37

subscapularis

Back 37

medial rotation at shoulder

Front 38

triceps brachii

Back 38

extension at elbow. long head: extension and adduction at shoulder

Front 39

biceps brachii

Back 39

flexion at elbow and shoulder supination at elbow.

Front 40

brachioradialis

Back 40

flexion at elbow

Front 41

pronator teres

Back 41

pronation

Front 42

brachialis

Back 42

flexion at elbow

Front 43

supinator

Back 43

supination

Front 44

iliocostalis cervicis

Back 44

extends or laterally flexes neck, elevates ribs

Front 45

iliocostalis thoracis

Back 45

stabilizes thoracic vert. in extension.

Front 46

iliocostalis lumborum

Back 46

extends vertebral column and depresses ribs

Front 47

longissimus capitus

Back 47

together: extends neck, each rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side

Front 48

longissimus cervicis

Back 48

together extends neck each rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side

Front 49

longissimus thoracis

Back 49

extends vertebral column each produces lateral flexion to that side

Front 50

spinalis cervicis

Back 50

extends neck

Front 51

spinalis thoracis

Back 51

extends vertebral column