Muscles

Front 1

What Is #1?

Back 1

Epicranius Frontalis
-Origin:galea aponeurotica
-Insertion:skin of the eyebrows
-Action:elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead

Front 2

Back 2

Epicranius Occipitalis
-Origin:superior nuchal line
-Insertion:galea aponeurotica
-Action:elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead

Front 3

What is #5?

Back 3

Orbicularis Oculi
-Origin:medial orbital margin
-Insertion: skin of the lateral cheek;
-Action:closes the eyelids

Front 4

Back 4

Zygomaticus

-Origin:upper lateral surface of the zygomatic bone

-Insertion:skin of the angle of the mouth

-Action:elevates and draws the corner of the mouth laterally

Front 5

Back 5

Buccinator
-Origin: mandible
-Insertion:angle of mouth
-Action:pulls the corner of mouth laterally;

Front 6

Back 6

Orbicularis Oris
-Origin:skin and fascia of lips
-Insertion:skin and fascia of the lips
-Action:purses the lips

Front 7

Back 7

Temporalis
-Origin:temporal fossa and the temporal fascia
-Insertion:coronoid process of the mandible
-Action:elevates the mandible;

Front 8

Back 8

Masseter
-Origin:zygomatic arch
-Insertion:angle of the mandible
-Action:elevates the mandible

Front 9

Back 9

Sternocleidomastoid
-Origin: medial 1/3rd of the clavicle
-Insertion:mastoid process
-Action: flex the neck

Front 10

What is #5?

Back 10

Pectoralis Minor

-Origin:ribs 3-5

-Insertion:coracoid process of the scapula

-Action:draws the scapula forward, medialward, and downward

Front 11

What is #2?

Back 11

External Intercostals
-Origin:lower border of a rib within an intercostal space
-Insertion:upper border of the rib below
-Action:keeps the intercostal space from blowing out or sucking in during respiration

Front 12

Back 12

Internal Intercostals

-Origin:upper border of a rib

-Insertion:lower border of rib above, coursing up and medially

-Action:keeps the intercostal space from blowing out or sucking in during respiration

Front 13

Back 13

Diaphragm
-Origin:xiphoid process
-Insertion:central tendon of the diaphragm
-Action:pushes the abdominal viscera inferiorly

Front 14

Back 14

Rectus Abdominis
-Origin:pubis
-Insertion:xiphoid process
-Action:flexes the trunk

Front 15

Back 15

External Obliques
-Origin:lower 8 ribs
-Insertion:linea alba
-Action:flexes the trunk

Front 16

Back 16

Internal Obliques
-Origin: anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest,
-Insertion:linea alba
-Action:flexes the trunk

Front 17

Back 17

Transverse Abdominis
-Origin:lower 6 ribs
-Insertion:linea alba
-Action:compresses the abdomen

Front 18

What is #8?

Back 18

Deltoid
-Origin: acromion
-Insertion:deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
-Action:abducts arm

Front 19

Back 19

Pectoralis Major
-Origin:medial 1/2 of the clavicle
-Insertion:crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
-Action:flexes and adducts the arm, medially rotates the arm

Front 20

Back 20

Latissimus Dorsi
-Origin:lower 3 or 4 ribs
-Insertion:floor of the intertubercular groove
-Action:extends the arm and rotates the arm medially

Front 21

Back 21

Serratus Anterior
-Origin:ribs 1-8 or 9
-Insertion:medial border of the scapula
-Action:it draws the scapula forward;

Front 22

What is #10?

Back 22

Infraspinatus
-Origin:infraspinatous fossa
-Insertion:greater tubercle of the humerus
-Action:laterally rotates the arm

Front 23

Back 23

Subscapularis
-Origin: (subscapular fossa)
-Insertion:lesser tubercle of the humerus
-Action:medially rotates the arm

Front 24

What is #9?

Back 24

Supraspinatus
-Origin:supraspinatous fossa
-Insertion:greater tubercle of the humerus (highest facet)
-Action:abducts the arm (initiates abduction)

Front 25

Back 25

Teres Minor
-Origin:upper 2/3 of the lateral border of the scapula
-Insertion:greater tubercle of the humerus (lowest facet)
-Action:laterally rotates the arm

Front 26

What is #5?

Back 26

Biceps Brachii
-Origin:tip of the coracoid process of the scapula;
-Insertion:tuberosity of the radius
-Action:supinates

Front 27

What is #7?

Back 27

Triceps Brachii
-Origin:infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula;
-Insertion:olecranon process of the ulna
-Action:extends the forearm;

Front 28

What is #6?

Back 28

Brachialis
-Origin:anterior surface of the lower one-half of the humerus and the associated intermuscular septa
-Insertion:coronoid process of the ulna
-Action:flexes the forearm

Front 29

Back 29

Brachioradialis
-Origin:upper two-thirds of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
-Insertion:lateral side of the base of the styloid process of the radius
-Action:flexes the elbow

Front 30

Back 30

Pronator Teres
-Origin:common flexor tendon
-Insertion:midpoint of the lateral side of the shaft of the radius
-Action:pronates the forearm

Front 31

Back 31

Flexor Carpi Radialis
-Origin:common flexor tendon from the medial epicondyle of the humerus
-Insertion:base of the second and third metacarpals
-Action:flexes the wrist,

Front 32

Back 32

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
-Origin:common flexor tendon
-Insertion:pisiform
-Action:flexes wrist

Front 33

Back 33

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
-Origin:common flexor tendon
-Insertion:pisiform,
-Action:flexes wrist,

Front 34

Back 34

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
-Origin:lower one-third of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
-Insertion:dorsum of the second metacarpal bone (base)
-Action:extends the wrist;

Front 35

Back 35

Extensor Digitorum
-Origin:common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle of the humerus)
-Insertion:extensor expansion of digits 2-5
-Action:extends wrist

Front 36

Back 36

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
-Origin:common extensor tendon
-Insertion:medial side of the base of the 5th metacarpal
-Action:extends the wrist;

Front 37

Back 37

Iliopsoas
-Origin:iliac fossa;
-Insertion:lesser trochanter of the femur
-Action:flexes the thigh;

Front 38

Back 38

Iliacus
-Origin:ala of sacrum
-Insertion:lesser trochanter of the femur
-Action:flexes the thigh;

Front 39

Back 39

Psoas Major
-Origin:bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
-Insertion:lesser trochanter of femur (with iliacus) via iliopsoas tendon
-Action:flexes the thigh

Front 40

Back 40

Gluteus Maximus
-Origin:posterior gluteal line
-Insertion: iliotibial tract
-Action:extends the thigh;

Front 41

Back 41

Gluteus Medius
-Origin:external surface of the ilium
-Insertion:greater trochanter of the femur
-Action:abducts the femur;

Front 42

Back 42

Sartorius
-Origin:anterior superior iliac spine
-Insertion:medial surface of the tibia (pes anserinus)
-Action: flexes leg

Front 43

Back 43

Tensor Fascia Lata
-Origin anterior superior iliac spine
-Insertion:iliotibial tract
-Action:flexes the thigh

Front 44

Back 44

Rectus Femoris
-Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine;
-Insertion:patella and tibial tuberosity (via the patellar ligament)
-Action:flexes the thigh

Front 45

Back 45

Vastus Medialis
-Origin: medial lip of the linea aspera
-Insertion:patella
-Action:extends leg

Front 46

Back 46

Vastus Intermedius
-Origin:anterior and lateral surface of the femur
-Insertion:patella
-Action:extends the leg

Front 47

Back 47

Vastus Lateralis
-Origin: the gluteal tuberosity
-Insertion:patella
-Action:extends leg

Front 48

Back 48

Adductor Magnus
-Origin:ischial tuberosity
-Insertion:linea aspera of the femur;
-Action:extends the femur (ischiocondylar part)

Front 49

Back 49

Adductor Longus
-Origin:medial portion of the superior pubic ramus
-Insertion:linea aspera of the femur
-Action:flexes the femur

Front 50

Back 50

Biceps Femoris
-Origin:ischial tuberosity;
-Insertion:head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
-Action:, flexes the leg

Front 51

Back 51

Semimembranosus
-Origin:upper, outer surface of the ischial tuberosity
-Insertion:medial condyle of the tibia
-Action: flexes the leg

Front 52

Back 52

Semitendinosus
-Origin:lower, medial surface of ischial tuberosity
-Insertion:medial surface of tibia
-Action:flexes the leg

Front 53

Back 53

Gastrocnemius
-Origin:femur
-Insertion:dorsum of the calcaneus
-Action:flexes leg

Front 54

Back 54

Soleus
-Origin:soleal line of the tibia
-Insertion:dorsum of the calcaneus
-Action:plantar flexes the foot

Front 55

Back 55

Flexor Digitorum Longus
-Origin:middle half of the posterior surface of the tibia
-Insertion:bases of the distal phalanges of digits 2-5
-Action: plantar flexes the foot

Front 56

Back 56

Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus
-Origin:upper two/thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula
-Insertion: medial cuneiform
-Action:extends (plantar flexes)

Front 57

Back 57

Tibialis Anterior
-Origin:lateral tibial condyle
-Insertion: 1st metatarsal
-Action:dorsiflexes the foot

Front 58

Back 58

Extensor Digitorum Longus
-Origin:lateral condyle of the tibia,
-Insertion:dorsum of the lateral 4 toes via extensor expansions
-Action:extends the metatarsophalangeal joints of the lateral 4 toes