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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alan James "Alan" Freed |
Radio jockey, coined term "Rock and Roll" after he got sued by "The Moondog." Started playing R&B on Cleveland radio, 1951. Boston/New York/Philadelphia area is the where rock and roll got its name. After payola scandal, radio station fired him |
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Bill Haley |
C&W musician who covered R&B songs, considered first rock and roll performer.
Songs: Rock Around the Clock Tonight, associated with teenage rebellion, theme music for movie Blackboard Jungle, 1954. Very controversial movie.
Fran Beecher - lead guitarist in Bill Haley's band, electric guitar |
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Rockabilly |
Country derivative music going into R&B, basically another name for Rock & Roll, influence of western swing. |
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Two basic styles of early rock and roll... |
1) Country derivative, incorporating various styles of R&B technique (white)
2) R&B performers (black) |
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Sam Phillips |
Owner of small record company Sun Records, featuring artists like Elvis, Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Buddy Holly, etc. |
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Elvis Presley |
Kernal Tom Parker - had a control over the Presley family, from Europe, convinced Elvis to sign with RCA Victor.
TV appearance 1956, Elvis does a tag ending/burlesque beat, they almost pulled the plug, Elvis was banned from TV for two weeks.
Ed Sullivan show, Elvis cleans up his act, over 70% of americans tuned in
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Chuck Berry |
First "rock and roll" guitar sound, blue note inflection, writes many hit songs
Song: Maybellene, country influence of rock and roll through R&B performer, delivered with a country 2 beat feel. |
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Enemies of rock and roll... |
-church -racists -parents -media, major record labels -government
why: racism, generation gap issues, economics: the wrong people not making money, civil rights movement
"The Battle Plan" 1) Buy out the artists, allows a cetain amount of control 2) "Clone" the original artists (ex: Gene Vincent vs. Elvis) 3) Make payola illegal, close down rock and rolls pipeline to the public 4) Get rid of extra artists -Elvis goes to military and picks up a drug addiction -Little Richard scared into religion by plane accident -Chuck Berry arrested for violation of Mann Act (cant cross state lines with a woman for immoral purposes) -Jerry Lee Lewis marries his 14 yr old cousin while still married to previous wives -Airplane crash kills Buddy Holly, Richie Valens, Richardson |
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Mersey Sound |
reference to Mersey river which runs through liverpool |
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Sitar |
A long, large, long-necked indian lute with moveable frets, played with a wire pic. Used by The Beatles. |
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Double entendre |
A word or phrase open to two interpretaions, one which is usually risque or indecent. |
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Concept Album (The Beatles) |
A rock album featuring a cycle of songs expressing a particular theme or idea.
1967 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band |
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Backmasking |
A recording technique in which a sound of message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward. |
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1960s |
Rapid social change, JFK is assassianted in 1963, America was open to musical sounds from abroad 1964 civil rights legislation passed |
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The Beatles |
-evolved from a skiffle group in their early years -studio experimentation in their middle years, George Martin -considered a releif from the JFK assassination -orginal songwriters unlike most musicians -haircuts were considered offputting -album production is primary medium as opposed to live performance -drummer pete is replaced with ringo -sunday evening primetime tv, overnight sucess in britain, parallel to elvis -american tv appearance on the ed sullivan show
songs:
She was just 17/I saw her standing there - R&B style reintroduced into mainstream music, illustrates original beatles sounds
Elenor Rigby - shows evolution of beatles with strings not a rock band, non traditional lyrics, leading towards sgt peppers
Being for the benefit of mr.kite - george martin influenced experimental rock, non traditional rock instruments, lyrics from 19th century circus poster, alleatoric technique in tape manipulation
Strawberry Fields Forever- overdubbing used to combine two different versions of the song together. had promotional mtv style video,george martin influenced experimental rock, non traditional rock instruments
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British Invasion |
Had a signifigant impact on American music sound and style |
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Gene Vincent |
Be-bop a Lula - meant to compete with Elvis, Captiol Records, 1956 |
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Teen Idols/Plastics |
Got rid of R&B/ Afro/euro derivative style, white music, innocent lyrics, no syncopation, no blue note inflection.
Paul Anka - Diana |
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Earl Palmer |
percussionist, not well known, played drums on Little Richard's "Lucielle." |
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Dance Craze Music |
Chubby Checker "Let's Twist Again" -rock style beat, more R&B style than teen idol music
Dee Dee Sharp "Mashed Potato" -watering down of outlaw image of early rock and roll stars who were male, excellent R&B style, but not a threatening image |
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Hot rod/Cruising appeal |
independence, listening to your own music, going wherever you wanted to go, major activity until the 80s "anti cruising" ordinance
modern day independence - internet and smartphones |
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Dick Dale |
guitarist and surfer, important creator of electric sound in surf music, small/edgy vibrations, madolin pic technique
Song: Pipeline, surf music intrumental, agressive sound, tremelo and pipeline technique establishes a new sound for guitar |
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The Beach Boys |
Jan Berry - Brain William's mentor, very involved in music technology and production
-did not fit traditional formulas -technically advanced, allowed them to create new sounds -constant change of beat and tempo, timbre -group vocals, falsetto vocals, polyphonic texture -greek chorus -organ, synth, theramin -multitrack recording
Songs:
Surf City (Jan Berry and Brian Wilson) - innocent subject matter, surf music, advanced studio technique
I Get Around- heavy rock instrumental w/ innocent lyrics, surf music, overdubbing/multitracking, rapidly changing textures, falsetto vocal lines like instruments
Fun, Fun, Fun-heavy rock instrumental w/ innocent lyrics, surf music, overdubbing/multitracking, rapidly changing textures, falsetto vocal lines like instruments, ballad telling a real story, chuck berry guitar in the beginning
Good Vibrations- heavy rock instrumental w/ innocent lyrics, surf music, overdubbing/multitracking, rapidly changing textures, falsetto vocal lines like instruments, use of theramin, change of tempo and beat in the middle, preceeds sgt peppers |
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Tape recording |
new technology, allowed editing and splicing
Les Paul - helped develop stereo sound recording |
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George Martin |
The Beatles manager, discovered them in a record studio, promoted them as a band instead of individual artists, and helped them try experimental recording techniques. |
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Aleatoric |
music (also aleatory music or chance music; from the Latin word alea, meaning "dice") is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer(s). "quantum musical technique," sound cant be duplicated |
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Music concrete |
non musical sounds introduced into a musical context, usually used as percussion/rhythm |
