Mse Final

Front 1

A type of secondary bond in which a temporary dipole induces another dipole in an adjacent atom is referred to as a

Back 1

van der waals bond

Front 2

When the types of bonds between polymer chains are primary bonds the resulting polymer is said to be

Back 2

primary-results in cross-linking and the resulting polymer is referred to as a thermoset

Front 3

The parameter that defines the degree order in a system is

Back 3

long range order parameter

Front 4

Many equations of the form: reaction rate = Cexp(-Q/RT) are referred to as _____ equations.

Back 4

arrhenius

Front 5

A measure of the stiffness of a material is referred to as the

Back 5

elastic modulus or Youngs’ modulus

Front 6

when properties of a material are independent of direction, the material is said to be

Back 6

isotropic

Front 7

the number of nearest neighbors that surround an atom or ion is the

Back 7

coordination number

Front 8

The combined First and Second laws of thermodynamics written in terms of G(P,T)

Back 8

= -SdT +VdP

Front 9

Elements in the same ____ have the same number of electrons in their outer, or valence shell.

Back 9

columns

Front 10

a type of primary bond formed between two electropositive elements when their average number of valence electrons is less than or equal to 3 is referred to as

Back 10

metallic

Front 11

In a plot of bond force against bond distance, the equilibrium separation distance between an ionically bonded pair of atoms is located at

Back 11

zero force

Front 12

In compounds involving more than one element, a ____ bond is favored as the difference in the electronegativity of the elements forming the compound increases.

Back 12

ionic

Front 13

The 3-D primary bond structure in a polymer results in a _____ polymer

Back 13

thermoset

Front 14

The _____ derivative of force versus bond distance evaluated at the equilibrium spacing is proportional to the Young’s modulus of the material.

Back 14

first

Front 15

Solidification of a pure crystalline substance is an ______ process.

Back 15

exothermic

Front 16

As the melting temperature of an element increases, the coefficient of thermal expansion tends to ______

Back 16

decrease

Front 17

_______ polymers tend to be recyclable.

Back 17

thermoplastic

Front 18

When the polymer chains are saturated, the only type of bond between polymer chains that can form are ______ bonds.

Back 18

secondary

Front 19

As the radius ratio increases, the coordination number ______

Back 19

increases

Front 20

The asymmetry in the bond energy curve is related to the ______ of the material.

Back 20

thermal expansion

Front 21

When hard spheres are packed in arrangements to form a BCC (Body Centered Cubic) structure, atoms touch along the _____ family of directions.

Back 21

<1 1 1>

Front 22

The hard sphere, FCC (Face Centered Cubic) structure has the same packing density as what other close-packed structure?

Back 22

HCP

Front 23

A lattice together with its basis is referred to as the _____

Back 23

crystal structure

Front 24

Fluids that show some degree of long range order are called

Back 24

liquid crystals

Front 25

There may/may not be more than one atom at each lattice point?

Back 25

may

Front 26

Diffusion along a grain boundary has a ______ activation energy than does bulk diffusion.

Back 26

lower

Front 27

Diffusion of carbon in BCC form of iron is ______ than in the FCC form of iron.

Back 27

higher

Front 28

The hard sphere packing in the HCP structure is the same as in the hard sphere _____ structure.

Back 28

FCC

Front 29

There is(are) ____ atom(s) per lattice point in FCC nickel.

Back 29

one

Front 30

Cu dissolved in Ni is an example of a _______ solid solution

Back 30

substitutional

Front 31

The effective penetration distance of a diffusing species is proportional to ______.

Back 31

square root of Dt

Front 32

Small cation and anion vacancy clusters that are formed in ionic solids are referred to as _______ defect.

Back 32

schottky

Front 33

The time dependent change in composition is related to the ________ (look at Fick’s Second law) of the composition versus distance relationship.

Back 33

curvature

Front 34

The movement of atoms in a pure material is termed ________.

Back 34

self-diffusion

Front 35

Fick’s second law defines diffusion that is time ______.

Back 35

dependent

Front 36

The activation energy for bulk diffusion is ______ than the activation energy for grain boundary diffusion.

Back 36

higher

Front 37

Decreasing temperature _______ the concentration of vacancies.

Back 37

decreases

Front 38

Diffusion along a dislocation has _____ activation energy than bulk diffusion.

Back 38

lower

Front 39

Because it is a thermally activated process, diffusivity ______ as temperature increases.

Back 39

increases

Front 40

Frenkel defects involving anions are ______ common than those involving cations.

Back 40

less

Front 41

As temperature decreases, bulk diffusion becomes _____ important than grain boundary diffusion.

Back 41

less

Front 42

Increasing the dislocation density by plastic deformation _______ the strength of an alloy.

Back 42

increases

Front 43

Diffusion of C in BCC iron is _____ than in FCC iron.

Back 43

faster

Front 44

Substitutional diffusion has ______ activation energy than interstitial diffusion.

Back 44

higher

Front 45

The energy of a dislocation is proportional to ____________.

Back 45

the square of the Burges vector, b2

Front 46

The motion of an edge dislocation that occurs when vacancies migrate to the extra half plane of atoms is referred to as ______.

Back 46

climb

Front 47

A two-dimensional defect composed of a regular array of edge dislocations is referred to as a(n) _________.

Back 47

tilt boundary

Front 48

The increase in the flow stress resulting from plastic deformation is usually called ________.

Back 48

dislocation hardening

Front 49

The Burgers vector of a _____ dislocation is parallel to the dislocation line.

Back 49

screw

Front 50

Increasing the grain size _______ the strength of a metal or alloy.

Back 50

decreases

Front 51

When rsolute < rsolvent the tendency is for the solute to segregate to the ______ side of the dislocation.

Back 51

compression

Front 52

Increasing the dislocation density ______ the strength of a metal or alloy.

Back 52

increases

Front 53

Because it is a thermally activated process, the probability of dislocation climb _______ as temperature increases.

Back 53

increases

Front 54

Actual critical resolved shear stresses are much ____ than theoretical strengths for metal crystals.

Back 54

lower

Front 55

In a symmetric tilt boundary, increasing the number of edge dislocations forming the boundary _______ the misorientation of the boundary.

Back 55

increases

Front 56

In an FCC material, slip tends to occur along _____ directions.

Back 56

<1 1 0>

Front 57

Dislocations are or are not thermodynamic defects?

Back 57

are not

Front 58

A _____ is a thermodynamic defect.

Back 58

vacancy

Front 59

Increasing the number of dislocations in a tilt boundary ______ the misorientation across the boundary.

Back 59

increases

Front 60

When R groups are randomly aligned on either side of a polymer chain the configuration is ______.

Back 60

atactic

Front 61

In amorphous materials below the __________, large-scale, molecular motion is not present and the material has a brittle liquid structure

Back 61

glass transition temperature, Tg

Front 62

________ is the arrangement of the rotatable bonds within a molecule.

Back 62

Conformation

Front 63

The ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight is referred to as the _________.

Back 63

polydispersity

Front 64

The number of repeat units in a polymer is the _________________.

Back 64

degree of polymerization

Front 65

Decreasing the temperature of a glass forming system ________ the viscosity of the liquid.

Back 65

increases

Front 66

Below the glass transition temperature the entropy of the glass is ________ than the entropy of the corresponding crystalline form of the material.

Back 66

greater

Front 67

Increasing the number of side branches along a polymer backbone _______ its ability to crystallize.

Back 67

decreases

Front 68

Network modifiers are ________ of forming an extended primary bond network.

Back 68

incapable

Front 69

Increasing the degree of crystallinity of a polymer ___________ the modulus at a temperature above the glass transition temperature but below the melting temperature.

Back 69

increases

Front 70

Increasing the extent of change branching tends to _________ the ratio Tg/Tm.

Back 70

increase

Front 71

Increasing the extent of chain branching results in a(n) ____________ of the density of a polymer.

Back 71

decrease

Front 72

Changing the tacticity of a polymer does/does not affect the degree of crystallinity.

Back 72

does

Front 73

The maximum solid solubility on a phase diagram is controlled by factors described by _________.

Back 73

Hume-Rothery

Front 74

The proeutectoid phase for a hypoeutectoid alloy (for an Fe-C alloy) is _______.

Back 74

ferrite

Front 75

The melting reaction that occurs in an alloy system in which there is no change in composition when the solid transforms to the liquid is referred to as _____________.

Back 75

congruent melting

Front 76

The rule that relates the number of degrees of freedom to the number of components, phases, and state variables is the ______ phase rule.

Back 76

Gibbs

Front 77

The phase boundary separating a single-phase liquid region from a two-phase liquid plus solid region is referred to as the ________.

Back 77

liquidus

Front 78

When a liquid of one composition transforms to a liquid of another composition and a solid the reaction is said to be _______________.

Back 78

incongruent melting

Front 79

The phase boundary separating a solid region from a two-phase solid region is the _________.

Back 79

solvus

Front 80

On cooling, a liquid transforming to a liquid of a different composition and a solid is referred to as a __________ reaction.

Back 80

monotectic

Front 81

Compositions to the left of a eutectic are referred to as ___________.

Back 81

hypoeutectic

Front 82

A region that is chemically and structurally homogeneous is called a _________.

Back 82

phase

Front 83

When a solid melts congruently, the liquid and solid have ____________ composition(s).

Back 83

the same

Front 84

At constant temperature the fraction of the phases in a two-phase field _______ when the over all composition of the alloy is changed, but remains in the two-phase field.

Back 84

changes

Front 85

The maximum number of phases that can be in equilibrium in a three component system at one atmosphere is ______.

Back 85

four

Front 86

On cooling when a two-phase liquid plus solid transforms to a solid phase the transformation is _________ in nature.

Back 86

peritectic

Front 87

On cooling the peritectoid reaction written symbolically has ______________________.

Back 87

two phases going into one

Front 88

Steels whose compositions are to the left of the eutectoid are referred to as ___________ alloys.

Back 88

hypoeutectiod

Front 89

A _______________ is a newly formed phase, which can reduce its Gibbs free energy by either growing or dissolving.

Back 89

critical nucleus

Front 90

Two phases with same crystal structure and atomic spacings meet at a _________ interface.

Back 90

coherent

Front 91

The Body Centered Cubic (BCC) phase of iron is called ________.

Back 91

ferrite

Front 92

A steel microstructure consisting of spherical carbides distributed in ferrite is called ________.

Back 92

bainite

Front 93

When dislocations are present at an interface to relieve strain the interface is said to be a _____________________.

Back 93

semicoherent interface

Front 94

When nucleation occurs at random sites in the parent phase, the nucleation process is said to be ____________________.

Back 94

homogeneous nucleation

Front 95

The process by which powders are densified at elevated temperature to form nearly fully dense microstructure is ___________.

Back 95

sintering

Front 96

A two phase microstructure with alternate lamellar microstructure in steels is referred to as __________.

Back 96

pearlite

Front 97

The only phase which can produce martensite as a result of a rapid quench is _________.

Back 97

austenite

Front 98

Nucleation occurring at specific locations is referred to as ____________________.

Back 98

heterogeneous nucleation

Front 99

Increasing the interfacial free energy _________ the likelihood of homogeneous nucleation.

Back 99

decreases

Front 100

Decreasing the amount of undercooling below the eutectoid temperature __________ the pearlite spacing.

Back 100

increases

Front 101

The solubility of carbon at a particular temperature in iron is controlled by __________________.

Back 101

the size of the interstitial holes

Front 102

Iron carbide (Fe3C) is _________ with respect to graphite.

Back 102

metastable

Front 103

The _________ process occurs at temperature roughly equal to about 0.5 Tm resulting in a gradual decrease in strength with time.

Back 103

recovery

Front 104

Coring in metal castings is a direct consequence of _____________ cooling from the melt to room temperature.

Back 104

non-equilibrium

Front 105

Alloys that can form an extensive amount of _________ are materials that have high hardenability.

Back 105

martensite

Front 106

The solubility of carbon in austenite is ______ than the solubility of carbon in ferrite.

Back 106

greater

Front 107

As the undercooling decreases, the barrier to the nucleation event __________.

Back 107

increases

Front 108

________ is stress computed on the load divided by the initial cross sectional area.

Back 108

Engineering stress

Front 109

The temperature at which a reduction in the impact energy to cause fracture occurs is the ____________________.

Back 109

ductile to brittle transition temperature

Front 110

_________ is the process in which a material elongates with time under an applied load.

Back 110

Creep

Front 111

The parameter that characterizes the stress and strain at a given location ahead of a crack is referred to as the ____________.

Back 111

KIc, stress intensity factor.

Front 112

Reduction in stress that occurs when a component is subjected to a constant value of strain is referred to as ________________.

Back 112

stress relaxation

Front 113

The phenomenon known as ________________ is the result of dislocation-dislocation interactions in metallic crystals.

Back 113

strain hardening

Front 114

On an engineering stress-strain curve, the onset of plastic instability occurs at the _____________________.

Back 114

ultimate tensile stress

Front 115

Several classes of materials including carbon steels exhibit limiting stress amplitude called an _____________________, below which failure does not occur regardless of the number of fatigue cycles.

Back 115

endurance limit

Front 116

The ability of a material to resist penetration is _________.

Back 116

hardness

Front 117

When the applied stress exceeds a critical value called the ___________, deformation becomes permanent.

Back 117

yield point

Front 118

The onset of necking is observed in a(n) _____________.

Back 118

engineering stress- strain curve

Front 119

The presence of ______________ can significantly reduce electrical conductivity of a metal.

Back 119

dislocations

Front 120

As the hardness of a material increases, the diameter of the hardness indentation ______________.

Back 120

decreases

Front 121

Creep deformation can occur by dislocation __________.

Back 121

climb

Front 122

The slope of a stress-strain curve in the elastic region is generally ___________ for a ceramic material than a metal.

Back 122

greater

Front 123

The fracture stress in compression is _________ than the fracture stress in tension for a brittle ceramic.

Back 123

larger

Front 124

As a rule of thumb, the endurance limit correlates with _______ strength.

Back 124

tensile

Front 125

The upper and lower yield point is observed in
_________________________.

Back 125

alloys containing interstitials

Front 126

The strain rate in ________ creep is constant.

Back 126

stage 2