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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Frontier
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A sparsley populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of a civilization.
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Feudalism
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Loosley organised system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords, or vassals.
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Feudal contract
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An exchange of pledges between lords and vassals.
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Fief
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an estate.
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Knight
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a mounted warrior.
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Tournament
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As feudal warfare decreased in the 1100's, tournaments were mock battles came into fashion.
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Chivalry
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A code of conduct adopted by knights in the Middle ages. It required knights who were brave, loyal, and true to their word.
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Troubadours
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Wandering poets who adopted the view that women be protected and cherished.
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Manor
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The heart of the medieval economy, it was the lord's estate.
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Serfs
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Most peasants on a manor who were bound to the land.
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Sacraments
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Sacred rights of the church.
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Tithe
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A tax equal to one tenth of the people's income. The church required the christians to pay it to support parishes.
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Secular
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worldly.
Rome became the most powerful *secular* force in Medieval Europe. |
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"papal supremacy"
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Authority over all secular rulers.
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cannon law
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Medieval Church's own body of laws.
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What was exocommunication and what happened tho people who were "exocommunicated"?
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The most severe penalty for those who disobeyed Church law.
People who were exocommunicated could not recieve sacrements or a Christian burial. |
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interdict
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An order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from recieving most sacrements and Christian burial.
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What is simony? Who outlawed it and when?
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The selling of Church offices.
In 1073 Pope Gregory VII outlawed marraige for priests and simony. |
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friars
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Monks who did not live in isolated monastaries but traveled around Europe's growing towns preaching to the poor.
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antisemitism
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Prejudice against Jews.
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charter
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A written document that set out the rights and privileges of the town.
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capital
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Money for investment
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partnership
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Merchants joined together in an organization.
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the bill of exchange?
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The most important practice adopted from Middle Eastern merchants. A money exchange so that merchants did not have to carry around gold coins that could easily be stolen.
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What were tenant farmers and about what time were they most popular?
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Most peasants in western Europe in 1300 who paid rent for their land or hired farm laborers.
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What was the middle class and when did it appear?
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Included merchants, traders, and artisans in about 1000.
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usury
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Lending money at interest.
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guilds
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In the middle ages, association of merchant or artisans who cooperated to pritect their economic interests.
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apprentice
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At about the age of seven, someone who is in train to be a guild master.
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journeymen
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Salaried workers.
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exchequer
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A treasury that collected taxes.
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law
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A legal system based on custom and court rulings.
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jury
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A group of men sworn to speak the truth.
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lay investiture
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The emperor or another person who is not a member of the clergy presented bishops with the ring and staff that symbolized their office.
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Annul
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invalidate
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Crusade
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holy war
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Schism
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split
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Levy
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collect
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Religious toleration
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policy of allowing people to worship as they choose
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Scholasticism
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Scholars used this method to resolve the conflict between faith and reason.
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Vernacular
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everyday languages of ordinary people
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Epics
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long narrative poems
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Flying buttresses
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stone supports that stood outside the church
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Illumination
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The artistic decoration of books
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Epidemic
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outbreak of rapid spreading disease
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inflation
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rising prices
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