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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Coccus |
Round shaped bacteria |
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Bacili |
Rod shaped bacteria |
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Spiral |
Cork screw shaped bacteria |
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Spirochetes |
Flexible corkscrew shaped bacteria |
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Spirilla |
Stiff corkscrew shaped bacteria |
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Vibrio |
Curved rod shaped bacteria |
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Coccobacill |
Spherical/rod shaped bacteria |
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Endospore |
Sable resilient spores that formed in bad conditions, and germinate in favorable conditions. Gram + bacti and Clostridium |
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Binary fission |
Bacterial reproduction strategy DNA replication→separation →invagination →cell wall + separation |
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Diplococci |
Pairs of cocci |
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Streptococci |
Long chains of cocci |
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Tetrads |
Square shaped cluster of bacteria |
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Sarcinae |
Cube shaped cluster of bacteria |
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Staphylococci |
Clusters of cocci resembling grape bunches |
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Bergey's Manual |
Classifies prokaryotes into 29phyla |
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Archaea |
No peptidoglycan Membrane lipids are branched or rings Start codon is same as eukaryotes |
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Thermophiles |
Prokaryotes thT Require temp over 45C |
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Halophiles |
Organisms that inhabit extremely salty environments above 9% |
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Methanogens |
Obligate anaerobes Turns CO2,H2 & acids to methane gas |
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Deeply branching bacteria |
Bacteria that branched off early in tree of life...primitive characteristics |
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Cyanobacteria |
Gram + photographs Use chlorophyll A & make oxygen Pepidoglycan cell walls Nitrogen fixation |
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Nitrogen fixation |
Cyanobacteria & proteobacteria Reduce N gas to ammonia NH3 Inhibited by oxygen |
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Heerocysts |
Cell that isolate nitrogen fixing enzymes from oxygen in cyanobacteria |
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Green/Purple bacteria |
Use bacteriochlorophylls not chlorophyll Do not make oxygen |
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Low C+G |
Bacteria with less than 50% cytosine-guanine base pairs Considered own phyla Have 3 groups |
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Clostridia |
Low C-G rod shaped obligate anaerobes Make endospores Make potent toxins |
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Mycoplasma |
Low C-G Facultative/obligate anaerobes Pink Staining gram + Filaments resemble fungi Pathogenic |
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Bacillus (facultative anaerobes) |
endospore forming Aerobes or facultative anaerobes Motile
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Bacillus anthracis |
Anthrax Spores germinate to vegetative cells, releasing fatal toxins |
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Listeria |
Low G+C Gram + rod Reproduces in refrigeration Can kill fetus by crossing placenta |
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Lactobacillus |
Natural flora Inhibit pathogens growth Used to produce yogurt |
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Actinobacteria |
Gram + G-C percentage greater than 50% |
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Corynebacterium |
Gram + G-C > 50% Snapping division Store phosphate within inclusions Stain with methylene blue C. diptheriae, causes diptheria |
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Mycobacterium |
Gram + G-C > 50% Aerobes May form filaments Slow growth bc mycolic acid is hard to make Stain by ACID FAST |
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Actinomycetes |
Gram + G-C > 50% Form branching filaments composed of prokaryotes May cause disease |
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Actinomyces |
Actinocete Inhabit hucous membranes/oral cavity Opportunistic infection destroys human tissue Gram + |
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Nocardia |
Actinocete Soil/water aerobes Causes lesions on brain & skin Gram + |
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Streptomyces |
Gram + Produce most medically important antibiotics |
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Alphaproteobacteria |
Aerobes Grow in low nutrients environment Have prothecae, stem for attachme |
