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150 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Extends 200' beyond each end of the runway with widths between 250' for visual runways and 1000' for precision runways |
Primary Surface |
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Extends 150' above the runway and forms an oval extending up to 10k feet from each end of the primary surface |
Horizontal Surface |
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Extends at a slope of 20:1 from the edge of the horizontal surface for a distance of 4k feet |
Conical surface |
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Centered on the runway and extends outward and upward from each end of the primary surface at a 20:1 slope for 5k feet from visual runways to a 50:1 slope for 10k feet and an additional 40k feet at a slope of 40:1 for precision runways. |
Approach Surface |
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Extends outward and upward at right angles to the runway at a slope of 7:1 from the sides of the primary surface |
Traditional Surface |
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Trapezoidal shaped area off runway ends beginning 200 ft from end of a runway area |
Runway Protection Zone (RPZ) |
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Ground area centered on runway, taxiway, or taxi lane centerline |
Object Free Area (OFA) |
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Trapezoidal shaped area off runway ends beginning 200 ft from end of a runway area |
Runway Protection Zone (RPZ) |
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Ground surface areas around runway |
Runway Safety Area (RSA) |
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Airspace above runway elevation extending 200 ft beyond each runway end. |
Object Free Zone |
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Airspace above runway elevation extending 200 ft beyond each runway end. |
Object Free Zone |
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Line shown on airport layout plan identifying suitable building area locations |
Building Restriction Line (BRL) |
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Safety distance used when insufficient physical area is available |
Declared Distances |
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Airspace above runway elevation extending 200 ft beyond each runway end. |
Object Free Zone |
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Safety distance used when insufficient physical area is available |
Declared Distances |
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Two colored lights mounted side by side on ramp |
Azimuth Guidance for Noise in Stands (AGNIS) |
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Airspace above runway elevation extending 200 ft beyond each runway end. |
Object Free Zone |
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Line shown on airport layout plan identifying suitable building area locations |
Building Restriction Line (BRL) |
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Safety distance used when insufficient physical area is available |
Declared Distances |
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Two colored lights mounted side by side on ramp |
Azimuth Guidance for Noise in Stands (AGNIS) |
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Surface painted parking markings for aircraft |
Parallax Aircraft Parking Aids |
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Granddaddy of environmental law |
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (1969) |
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No significant environmental impact outcome |
FONSI (Finding of No significant Impact) |
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Largest and most complex outcome of environmental action required |
Environmental Impact Statement |
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Noise plans and equipment are exempt from environmental action because of |
Categorical Exclusion |
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When EIS is required, airport must file this with FAA |
Notice of Intent (NOI) |
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Key to maintaining environmental compliance |
Audits |
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Examples of Best Management Practices for environmental |
Good Housekeeping Inspections Preventative Maintenance Program Spill Prevention and Response Personnel training and awareness Record keeping and internal reporting system |
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Established federal standards to protect nation's air quality and public health. |
Clean Air Act (1970) |
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Most prolific source of water pollution at airports |
Storm Water |
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Protected by requirement that Certified Applicator may apply pesticides |
Ground water |
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Required by GA 29 |
Keep ALP updated |
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Whats in an ALP
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Narrative and these sketches: Cover Sheet, Airport Layout Drawing (ALP Sheet), Airport Airspace Drawing, Inner Portion of the Approach Surface Drawing Terminal Area Drawing Land Use Drawing Runway Departure Surfaces Drawing Airport Property Map (Exhibit A) |
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How often ALPs should be reviewed and validated |
2 to 7 yrs |
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Required by FAA in regards to keeping FAA informed of development |
Property lines, location and nature of all existing and proposed facilities, location of all existing and proposed non-aviation areas |
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On ALP, it includes signature blocks, airport location maps, other data |
Cover sheet |
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All items of proposed development requiring environment processing have been completed |
Unconditional - |
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Environmental processing hasn't been completed |
Conditional approval |
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Some near-term projects depicted on ALP have been complete |
Mixed approval |
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Definition of near term approval |
ripe for decision |
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NPIAS plan is this long and updated this often
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5 year plan, updated 2 years |
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How projects are listed in NPIAS |
Purpose, physical component, type of work |
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Phases of Master Plan |
Pre-planning, public input, environmental consideration, existing conditions, aviation forecasts, facility requirements, alternatives to development, airport layout plan, facilities implementation plan, financial feasability |
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Reports intended to be produced by master plan
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Technical report containing analyses conducted in development phase. Summary report that brings together the facts, conclusions, recommendations for public review |
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Master plan approval vs acceptance
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FAA accepts master plans but doesn't approve them. FAA approves the forecast and layout plan. |
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Guides to selecting Airport consultants published by |
Airport Consultants Council (ACC) |
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Act that governs consultant selection process |
Brooks Act |
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In plans, historical review of airport and facilities, structures, navaids, land use, activity |
Existing conditions and issues (inventory) |
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Required forecasts in planning |
Operations Passengers (annual) Based Aircraft |
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Local operation |
within 20 miles of tower |
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Interrant operation |
other than local |
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Design Hour Demand |
Peak hour of the average day of the peak month |
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Part of master plan that recommends what projects to put in capital improvement plan (CIP) |
Facilities Implementation Plan |
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Substantial Use (aircraft operations) |
Either At least 500 or more annual itinerant operations or the largest scheduled commercial aircraft |
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Signifies the design standards to which a runway is to be build |
Runway Design Code (RDC). Uses approach speed, wingspan and tail height, visibility |
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Design Aircraft |
aircraft(s) specified in planning for standards on taxiway and runway development. Combination of AAC,ADF,TDG. Design aircraft selected for each runway |
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Aircraft Approach Category |
A-E 91,91-121,121-141,141-166,166+ |
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Airplane Design Group |
Wingspan/Tail Height (I-VI) (<20,20-30,30-45,45-60,60-66,66-80) (<49,49-79,79-118,118-171,171-214,214-262) |
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Highest runway design code minus visibility component |
Airport Reference Code (ARC) |
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Single runway airports in VFR number of max operations |
99 |
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Single runway airports in IFR max number of operations |
42-53 |
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Less than 2,500 separation between runway approaches
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close parallel |
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between 2,500 and 4,300 ft approach separation |
intermediate parallel |
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more than 4,300 ft approach separation |
far parallel |
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more than 4,300 feet between pair of runways |
dual lane |
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intermediate parallel approaches |
between 2,500 and 4,300 ft separation |
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Grade percentage for water runoff on runways and shoulders |
1-1.5 percent for runways, 1-5 pct for shoulders |
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Compsied of runway, taxiway and the surrounding surfaces and are prepared for the excursion of aircraft |
Runway Safety Area (RSA) |
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Runway safety area dimensions |
Width: 120-500 feet depending on ADG for runways. 49-262 for taxiways. From each end of runway it varies on runway category. |
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Objects in RSA |
Must be on frangible couplings (break away points) |
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Trapezoidal shaped area located off runway ends and lies under innermost portion of runways approach surface. |
Runway Protection Zone |
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Runway protection Zone starts |
(must be under airport control). 200 feet from the end of a runway usable area. Extends usually 1,000 to 2,500 feet but varies. It recommends all objects are removed from zone but some exceptions made. |
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Ground area based on the runway or taxiway centerline to remain free of objects |
Object Free Area (OFA) |
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Object Free Area dimensions |
250-800 feet wide, 240-1,000 at the ends. |
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TORA,TODA,ASDA,LDA are |
Declared Distances |
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Are formed by imaginary lines connecting visibility points of two runways (blind spots) |
Runway Visibility Zones (RVZ) |
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Large aircraft MTOW (not for wake turbulence) |
Greater than 12,500 lbs |
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Area beyond the departure end of runway used to support and minimize damage in the event of an overrun |
Stopway |
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area off departure end of runway suitable for calculating aircraft takeoff performance |
Clearway |
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Uses factors such as aircraft width, undercarriage width, main gear width
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Taxiway Design Group |
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Max nosewheel steering angle for taxiway design |
50 degrees |
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Additional pavement on sides of taxiways for safety |
Taxiway Edge Safety Margin (TESM) 49-262 feet |
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If construction project change is above 25 pct cost change, this must accompany it |
Supplemental change (change order if less than 25 pct) |
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FAR for imaginary surfaces
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Part 77 |
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Surface that is centered on runway centerline and extends 200 feet past runway end with width 250-1,000 feet depending on approach |
Primary Surface Area |
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extends outwards and upwards at right angles to the runway centerline and extended at 7:1 from the sides of primary surface and from the sides of approach surface |
Transitional surfaces |
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start 200 feet from runway end and extend up to 50,000 feet. Slope varies 20:1 for visual runway or 40:1 for non-precision runway or 50:1 for precision runway. (along approach path) |
Approach surfaces |
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level plane 150 feet above runway elevation. Tangents are connected. |
Horizontal surface |
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starts at the perimeter of the horizontal surface and continues upward at 20:1 for horizontal distance of 4,000 feet |
conical surface |
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Slope for approach surface to non-precision runway |
40:1 |
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Slope for approach surface to visual runway |
20:1 |
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Slope for transitional surfaces |
7:1 |
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Distance horizontal surface extends for visual runway |
5,000 feet |
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Distance horizontal surface extends for instrument runway |
10,000 |
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When FAA must be notified of obstruction |
construction or alteration above 200 ft AGL, within 20,000 feet of public use airport that exceeds a 100:1 surface from any point on the runway where runway is 3,200 feet long or +, or 20,000 feet with airport that exceeds 50:1 with 3,200 feet or -, within 5,000 feet of heliport 25:1 surface |
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Form for notification to FAA of construction in Part 77 areas |
Form 7460 Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration |
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Components of terminal system |
Access interface, passenger processing,flight interface |
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concourses and areas beyond security are part of this terminal component |
Flight interface |
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Peak Hour for terminal demand |
Elapsed hour (flexible) when most enplanements and deplanements. It is usually 3-5% of the annual passenger volume |
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Aircraft that are expected to use a terminal |
Aircraft mix |
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Space needed for terminal space |
.08-.12 sf per annual enplaned passenger or 150 sf per design hour passenger |
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Terminal space for airline ops |
35-40 pct |
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Terminal space for concessions |
15-25 pct (up to 40 for long haul) |
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Terminal space for public space |
25 pct |
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curb space for vehicle |
25 feet |
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curb space for taxi |
20 feet |
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curb space for bus |
50 feet |
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curb space for limo |
30 feet |
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Short term parking comprises this amount of total parking |
80 percent |
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vehicles per lane just outside terminal |
600-900 vpl |
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Recommendation parking stalls per million |
1,000-1,400 per million originating pax |
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boarding areas are designed to seat |
15-25 pct of boarding pax |
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FIS System most employed at aiports |
Custom Accelerated Passenger Inspection Service (CAPIS) |
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EIS or EA may be required before projects in |
NPIAS airports (AIP funds) as result of Airport and Airway Improvement Act (1982) |
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Projects that must comply with NEPA |
All projects requiring federal action (ALP, grants and funding, PFC approval) |
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NEPA Categories of environmental action |
Categorical Exclusion/CATEX (no impact expected), requires EA (less complex and little or no impact expected), EIS (more complex, impact expected and may require mitigation) |
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Checklist used for federally funded projects where no environmental impact is expected or if there is an extraordinary circumstance |
Categorically Excluded (CATEX) |
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Projects or procurements that are usually CATEX eligible |
Equipment and vehicles, security equipment, computers, lighting replacements, control panels, master plans and other studies |
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When requests for funding or ALP approval should be submitted along with CATEX |
12 months prior to request of funds |
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limits affecting air quality, coastal zones, compatible land use |
significance thresholds |
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When no significant impact from EA is found this is issued |
Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) |
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If EIS is required, this is sent to FAA from sponsor
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Notice of Intent (NOI) |
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System for airports to comply with NEPA |
Environment Management System |
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25 % of airports are in bad air areas called
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nonattainment areas |
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If nonnattainment airport, it must comply with |
Sate Implementation Plan (SIP) |
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Freshwater on earth |
3% (1 pct available for use) |
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Biggest entry of water pollution |
storm water discharge |
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Only who may apply pesticides or fungisides |
Certified Applicator |
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Regulates discharges of potentially contaminated wastewater |
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) |
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Under NPDES, airports must have |
Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPP) |
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Source of water contamination such as runoff, seepage |
Non-Point Source |
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Types of storm water permit |
General,Individual,Multi Sector general, Construction |
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Practices for handling asbestos, antifreeze, fertilizers, etc are described in |
Best Management Practices (BMP) |
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Best Management Practices include |
Good Housekeeping, Inspections, Preventative Maintenance Program, Spill Prevention and Response, Personnel Training, Record Keeping and Internal reporting System. Also consider Safety Data Sheets |
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Plan to handle response to Hazmat
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Emergency Response Plan (ERP). Also combined with Spill Prevention, Control, Countermeasures (SPCC)
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Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators |
generate less than 100 kg hazmat per month |
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Small Quantity Generators |
More than 100 kgs hazmat but less than 1,000 kg |
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Generate 100-1,000 kg hazmat per month |
Small Quantity generators |
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If more than 100kg hazmat per month |
EPA ID number must be obtained |
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Established criteria for Potentially Responsible Parties (PRP) and created a fund to clean up when no responsible party is identified |
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, And Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) |
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Reporting of hazmat spills to
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National Response Center (NRC) |
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Fund to clean up leaking gas tanks underground |
LUST |
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Underground tanks must have |
cathodically protected steel or fiberglass, fiberglass liner or cathodic protection system |
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Practices for good environmental development |
Sustainable Development |
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Principles of sustainable development |
Management strategy, Proactive approach, improving airport profitability, improving partnerships and relations, reduce carbon footprint |
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To become a green airport |
Green Airport Initiativeby Clean Airport Partnership (CAP) |
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LEED Platinum points |
80 or higher |
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Attempt to create ways to manage congestion by implementing |
Slots, differential pricing (economic demand management) |
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Most prolific source of water pollution at airports |
Storm Water |
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Protected by requirement that Certified Applicator may apply pesticides |
Ground water |