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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diabetes
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Chronic disease of insulin deficiency or resistance
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Dwarfism
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A condition of being abnormally small
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Gigantism
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A condition of being adnormally large
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Hyperkalemia
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A condition of excessive amounts of potassium in the blood
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Thyroid
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Resembling a shield; one of the endocrine glands
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Cortisone
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A glucocorticoid hormone that is isolated from the adrenal cortex; used as an anti-inflammatory agent
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Epinephrine
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A hormone produced by the adrenal medulla; used as a vasoconstrictor as a cardiac stimulant, to relax bronchospasm and to relieve allergic symptoms; also called adrenaline, adrenalin
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Estrogen
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Hormones produced by the ovaries, including estradiol, estrone, and estriol; female sex hormones important in the develpment of secondary sex characteristics and regulation of the menstrual cycle
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Hormone
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A chemical substance produced by the endocrine glands
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Insulin
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A hormone produced by the beta cells of the islets of langerhans of the pancreas; essential ofr the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats; used in the management of diabetes mellitus
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Progesterone
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A hormone produced by the corpus luteum of the ovary, the adrenal cortex, or the placenta; released during the second half of the menstrual cycle
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Steroids
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A group of chemical substances that includes hormones, vitamins, steriods, cardiac glycosides, and cetain drugs
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Testosterone
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A hormone produced by the testes; male sex hormone important in the development of secondary sex characteristics and masculinization
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GTT
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Glucose tolerance test
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K
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Potassium
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NIDDM
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Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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TFS
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Thyroid function studies
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Fasting Blood Sugar
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A test performed on blood to determine the level of sugar in the bloodstream
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Hemoglobin
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A test that measures the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin found and stored in red blood cells
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Thyroid scan
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A test to detect tumors of the thyroid gland
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Ultrasonography
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The use of high-frequency sound waves to visualize the structure being studied
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Cortisol
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The main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions
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Target
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After a hormone leaves a gland, it will travel to a target organ
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Aldosterone
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Prevents the loss of sodium ions
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Leptin
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A 16-kD peptide hormone secreted from white adipocytes and implicated in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Leptin provides the key afferent signal from fat cells in the feedback system that controls body fat stores
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Pancreas
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A mixed exocrine and endocrine gland situated transversely across the posterior abdominal wall in the epigastric and hypochondriac regions. The endocrine portion is comprised of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS, while the exocrine portion is a compound acinar gland that secretes digestive enzymes
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Thymus
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A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat
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Glucagon
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Facilitates the breakdown of glycugen to glucose
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Endocrine
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A ductless gland that produces an internal secretion
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Iodine
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A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically
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