Mod B Digestive System

Front 1

gastrointestinal tract, digestive tract and alimentary canal are other names for _______________ _____________

Back 1

digestive system

Front 2

process of altering chemical and physical composition of food

Back 2

digestion

Front 3

Physician who specializes in the study of disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract.

Back 3

gastroenterologist

Front 4

What is a nutrionist?

Back 4

health professional who studies and applies principals and science of nutrition

Front 5

What are the 2 sections of the digestive system?

Back 5

upper gastrointestinal tract and lower gastrointestinal tract

Front 6

name the parts of the upper gastrointestinal tract

Back 6

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach

Front 7

name the parts of the lower gastrointestinal tract

Back 7

large and small intestine

Front 8

salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and panreas are known as what

Back 8

related or accessory organs

Front 9

oral cavity

Back 9

buccal cavity

Front 10

what makes up the oral cavity

Back 10

lips, cheeks, hard and soft palate, uvula, tongue, and papillae

Front 11

where is the hard pallate located?

Back 11

upper, frontal portion of the roof of the mouth

Front 12

what are rugae

Back 12

irregular ridges or folds in the hard palate and stomach

Front 13

where is the soft pallate located?

Back 13

posterior portion of the roof of the mouth

Front 14

Small cone shaped projection @ the end of the soft palate that aids in digestion and producing sounds and speech

Back 14

Uvula

Front 15

what is the priciple organ of taste

Back 15

tongue

Front 16

mass of strong, flexible, skeletal muscle covered in mucous membrane that aids in mastication and swallowing

Back 16

tongue

Front 17

what are papillae

Back 17

small rough elevations on the tongue that contain tastebuds

Front 18

Food mixed with saliva, and shaped into a ball like mass are called __________

Back 18

bolus

Front 19

another word for throat

Back 19

pharynx

Front 20

how many pairs of salivary glands are there

Back 20

3

Front 21

what are parotids

Back 21

salivary glands

Front 22

what is mosty water, and contains mucus and digestive enzymes

Back 22

saliva

Front 23

what is the enzyme for carbs

Back 23

amylase

Front 24

what enzyme is for fats

Back 24

lipase

Front 25

what is the portion of the pharynx that leads from the mouth called

Back 25

oropharynx

Front 26

where is the nasopharynx located

Back 26

behind the nasal cavity

Front 27

what are tonsils

Back 27

masses of lymphatic tissue in the depressions fo mucus membranes of the oropharyngeal area

Front 28

when the soft palate and uvula move up to facilatate food movement into the pharynx what is it called

Back 28

swallowing

Front 29

which part closes off the larynx to direct food into the esophagus

Back 29

epiglottis

Front 30

propeltion of food through the pharynx is called

Back 30

peristaltic movements

Front 31

where is the stomach located

Back 31

upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity

Front 32

how many divisions is the stomach broken into

Back 32

3

Front 33

upper rounded portition of the stomach

Back 33

fundus

Front 34

what part of the stomach is the central portion

Back 34

body

Front 35

the body of the stomach curves which way

Back 35

right

Front 36

what part of the stomach is the closest to the duodenum

Back 36

pyloris

Front 37

regulates passage of food from the stomach into the duodenum

Back 37

pyloric sphincter

Front 38

what is the job of rugae in the stomach

Back 38

to streach and accomadate contents

Front 39

depressions between rugae are for what

Back 39

to secrete gastric juices to futher digestion

Front 40

what do gastric juices contain

Back 40

enzymes and hydrochloric acid

Front 41

when food is partially digested and in the stomach it is called

Back 41

chyme

Front 42

the duodenum, jejunum, ileum are parts of

Back 42

small intestines or small bowels

Front 43

what connects the pylorus to the jejunum

Back 43

duodenum

Front 44

1st part of the small intestines is how long and does what

Back 44

recieves chyme and liver and pancreas secretions

Front 45

what part is the second part of the small intestines

Back 45

jejunum

Front 46

what connects the jejunum with the large intestines @ the ileocecal sphincter

Back 46

ileum

Front 47

what is the function of the small intestines

Back 47

to complete digestion and to pass waste to the large intestines

Front 48

how do nutrients make it to the blood

Back 48

through the small intestines

Front 49

what are the function of villi

Back 49

to surround the capillaries in the small intestines

Front 50

ileocecal junction is

Back 50

the begining of the large intestines

Front 51

the ileocal is a _________ ___________ that ___________ backflow of _________

Back 51

muscular ring prevents waste

Front 52

where is the cecum located and how far does it extend

Back 52

right side of the abdomen, 2-3 inches

Front 53

the longest portion of the large intestines

Back 53

colon

Front 54

how many divisions does the colon have

Back 54

4

Front 55

begins @ the ileocecal junction, curves upward toward the liver on the right side of the abdomen and makes a horizontal left turn @ the liver

Back 55

ascending colon

Front 56

__________ _________ begings under the liver and crosses the abdomen under the stomach

Back 56

transverse colon

Front 57

which portion of the large intestines us on the left side of the abdomen

Back 57

descending colon

Front 58

The _______ _______ is the point where the ascending colon turns left

Back 58

hepatic flexure

Front 59

the point where the transverse colon truns down is

Back 59

splenic flexure

Front 60

what is the portion of the descending colon that connects it to the rectum (s shaped)

Back 60

sigmoind colon

Front 61

what is the largest gland in the body

Back 61

liver

Front 62

lacated ummedialtely under the diaphragm and slightly to the right and responsible for the production of bile

Back 62

liver

Front 63

what are hepatocytes

Back 63

liver cells

Front 64

what is bile for

Back 64

emulsify fats for futher digestion in the small intestines

Front 65

where is bile stored

Back 65

gallbladder

Front 66

synthesis of vitamin k, plasma protiens, amino acid metobolism, carb metabolism, and glucogenesis

Back 66

liver functions

Front 67

what is glycogenesis

Back 67

conversion of excess glucose into complex sugar for storage

Front 68

________ is complex sugar stored in the liver for when sugar is extremely low

Back 68

glycogen

Front 69

when the liver breaks glycogen into glucose it is

Back 69

glycogenolysis