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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The structures of the cardiovascular system include the |
Heart, blood, veins, arteries, capillaries. |
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The function of the cardiovascular system is to ___________ the blood throughout the body, and the heart serves as a__________________. |
Circulate Pump |
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The heart is a________ chambered pump that connects a number of valves that open and close during the delivery of blood. |
4 chambered pump |
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The heart has two upper chambers, called the ___________ ? |
Right and left Atria |
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The heart has two lower chambers, called the ___________? |
Right and left Ventricles |
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The right and left ventricles of the heart are separated by muscular partition called the ______________? |
Ventricular septum |
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The right atrium pumps blood into the right ventricle to be sent into the pulmonary ______________ , the left atrium receives blood returning from the pulmonary_______________? |
Pulmonary artery Pulmonary veins |
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The __________ , or Mitral valve, divides the left atrium from the left ventricle. The tricuspid valve divides the right atrium from the right ventricle. Both the tricuspid and the bicuspid valves are referred to as ___________? |
Bicuspid Atrium Ventricular (AV) |
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When the ventricles Contact, the AV valves _____________ , preventing the blood from flowing________ into the atria. |
Close Back |
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The _____________are valves that separate the ventricles from the blood vessels that are attached to them. |
Semilunar valves |
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The Aortic semilunar valve separates the ______________ , and the pulmonary semilunar valves separates the __________________. |
Left ventricle / Aorta Right ventricle / pulmonary artery |
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Vessels are the structures that transport_____________? |
Blood |
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Arteries and arterioles take oxygen-rich (______________) blood to the_______________. |
Oxygenated Body |
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_____________ take oxygen poor (_____________) back to the heart. |
Veins Venules |
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_______________ and _____________ are vessels with "one way valves" to keep the blood flowing towards the heart. |
Veins Venules |
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Deep massage strokes should be____________ , meaning following____________ toward the heart. |
Centripetal Venous flow |
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It is not advised to use deep_____________ strokes away from the heart for clients with heart conditions . |
Centrifugal |
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The _____________ is the largest artery in the body, originating at the heart and carry blood to the body via small arteries |
Aorta |
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_______________ is the major vein draining the thorax and head, ending at the right atrium. |
Superior vena cava |
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The __________ is a large venous trunk and training the lower extremities and the abdominopelvic region. |
Inferior vena cava |
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The ________________ ( right and left, superior and inferior) are the only things that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. |
Pulmonary veins |
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________________ is a measurement of the volume of blood ejected from the heart per minute. aka: ___________/ minute. |
Cardiac output 5 - 6 liters |
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The ______________ is the complete sequence of a heartbeat, from the time one systole - diastole cycle occurs until the instant when the same event occurs again. |
Cardiac cycle |
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_____________ is the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle, and ______________ is the interval between contractions. |
Systole Diastole |
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______________ is the force that circulating blood alerts on the artery walls. |
Blood pressure |
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The ____________ , or pulse , refers to the number of beats per minute. It varies according to whether a person is at rest or in motion and according to a person's age, sex, size, and general health. Heart rate is also affected by stress, nutritional state, and medications. |
Heart rate |
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The term cardio means?? |
Heart |
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The term vascular means? |
Veins blood vessels |
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The term pulmonary means? |
Lungs |
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The circulatory system delivers? |
Fuel nutrients oxygen |
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How does the circulatory system maintain homeostasis? |
Chemistry temperature protection from infection |
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Hemophilia means? |
Lack of ability to clot |
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Hemophilia means? |
Lack of ability to clot |
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Thrombopenia means? |
Excess clotting |
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Infection means? |
Impaired immune system activity |
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Hypothermia means? |
Freezing |
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Hyperthermia means? |
Excessive heat |
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Ischemia means? |
Lack of blood flow |
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Thrombus means? |
Clot |
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____________ is actually a tissue. |
Blood |
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If a client has thrombopenia is a massage indicated? |
No massage until condition is resolved . Or, the client has been on antibiotics for at least 72 hours |
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What is the size of a heart? |
A clenched fist |
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Where is the heart located in the body? |
Between the lungs and behind the sternum |
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Mediastinum contains? |
Heart Thoracic duct Thymus Lymph nodes The Latin word mediastinus means "midway" |
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What is the hearts muscle type ? |
Striated and involuntary |
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The heart is controlled by ? |
Autonomic nervous system (Vagus nerve) |
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What is the shape of the heart? |
Base: The flat upper part Apex: The lower pointed part |
Upper/lower part |
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Describe the heart's function? |
The heart is a pump that keeps blood circulating through a closed system of veins, arteries and capillaries |
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The heart is enclosed in a double layered membrane called the? |
Pericardium |
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The term pericardium means? |
A tissue sac that surrounds or encloses the heart A fibrous connective tissue sac |
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The pericardium attaches to the? |
Diaphragm, vertebral column back of the sternum vena cava Aorta |
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Pericardial cavity? |
Contains serous fluid/support the heart Allows the heart to move without friction as it beats |
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Layers of the heart? |
Epicardium / myocardium / endocardium |
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Describe the epicardium? |
Protective outer layer of the heart (includes inner pericardium)
Includes nerves and fat that surround the heart |
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Describe the myocardium? |
Middle Thick layer of heart Striated muscle tissue Responsible for muscular pumping action of the heart |
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Describe the endocardium? |
Thin Innermost layer Lines the inner chambers of the heart and heart valves. Blood contacts the surface of the endocardium |
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Endo means? |
Inner layer |
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Epi means? |
Outer layer |
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Myo means? |
Middle layer |
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Name the four chambers in the heart |
Right and Left Atria Right and Left Ventricles |
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Defined right and left Atria? |
Upper, thin-walled chambers Receive blood entering the heart from the veins (body and lungs) |
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Describe right and left ventricles? |
Lower, thick walled chambers Pump blood out of the heart into the arteries |
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Name the valves that prevents backflow to the heart? |
Tricuspid valve |
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The term Septum means? |
A muscular wall that separates the ventricles |
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Valves of the heart are made from the folds of ? |
Endocardium |
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Name the four valves of the heart? |
Tricuspid Pulmonary semilunar Bicuspid Aortic semilunar |
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Describe the tricuspid valve of the heart? |
Allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle. |
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Describe the pulmonary valve of the heart? |
Direct blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery taking blood to the lungs. |
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Describe the bicuspid valve of the heart? |
Allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. |
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Describe the aortic valve of the heart? |
Direct blood flow to be pumped from the left ventricle to the aorta. |
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Describe circulation of blood through the heart? |
1: Blood flows into the heart from the superior vena cava 2: Right atria to the right ventricle 3: From the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery 4: Blood leaves the heart and goes into the lungs to become oxygenated 5: Oxygenated blood enters back into the heart from the lungs via the pulmonary veins and enters the heart in the left atrium 6: Blood travels from the left atrium to the left ventricle 7: From the left ventricle it leaves the heart via the aorta |
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What is the function of blood vessels in the heart? |
Transport blood to various parts of the body and back to the heart. |
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Name blood vessels of the heart? |
Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins Venules |
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Describe the arteries of the heart? |
Thick walled vessels Transport blood away from the heart Main artery is the aorta |
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Describe the veins of the heart? |
Thinner wall vessels Carry deoxygenated blood Carry waste back to the heart Main vein is the vena cava |
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3 types of arteries in the heart? |
Elastic Muscular Arterioles |
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Describe elastic arteries? |
Size: Large Can stretch as blood passes through (i.e.) Aorta and pulmonary arteries |
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Describe muscular arteries? |
Size: medium Branch off elastic arteries Thick layer of smooth muscle Collagen and elastic tissue in walls Vasoconstriction and vasodilation help direct blood flow |
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Describe Arterioles arteries? |
Size: Smallest, usually microscopic Can vasoconstrict & vasodilate Leads into capillaries under high pressure |
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Describe veins? |
Wider diameter Less smooth muscle than arteries Valves built in to prevent backflow of blood Blood is under less pressure and flow slower in veins than in arteries 75% of our blood volume is in veins |
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What is venous return ? |
Blood flow back to the heart (centripetal) |
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Where does blood into the heart? |
Right atria |
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What structures bring blood to the right Atria? |
Inferior and superior vena cava |
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