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229 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This ENZYME is undetectable in most normal tissues until inflammatory cells are needed
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COX-1 COX-2
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Diffuse esophageal spasm; sx? Mimics what disease?
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uncoordinated ctxns of esophagus leads to chest pain and dysphagia. Mimics angina pectoris
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A viral protein in macrophages of HIV positive patient is glycosylated and cleaved into two smaller proteins in the ER
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only env gene product is glycosylated to gp160 and proteolytically cleaved to form gp120 and gp41: virion absorption by target cells
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Most common cause of fetal hydronephrosis
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inadequate recanalization of URETEROPELVIC jxn (b/w kidney and ureter)
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Amino acids with three titratable protons
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histidine, arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, cysteine and tyrosine
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blood transfusion leads to breathing chills pain and dark coloured urine
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acute hemolytic transfusion rxn.
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acute hemolytic transfusion is mediated by
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antibodies, type 2 HS rxn. C' and MAC lyse RBCs
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What happens to C peptide
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packaged along with insulin into secretory granules
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Common peroneal sensation
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dorsum of foot
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Intermittent muscle pain
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claudication from atherosclerosis
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lipid filled intimal plaque
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atherosclerosis
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medial band like calcification
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monckeberg's medial calcific sclerosis. Calcified deposits in muscular arteries. Asymptomatic
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homogenous acellular thickening of arteriolar walls
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hyaline arteriolosclerosis
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onion like concentric thickening of arteriolar walls
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hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis from malignant hypertension
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peak intensity of an AR murmur
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after closure of the incompetent aortic valve. Max pressure gradient b/w aorta and LV
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Effect of glucose on medium with E Coli
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Glucose induced decreased AC activity causes low cAMP therefore poor expression of lac operon genes
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ABG values in COPD
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retention of CO2 + renal compensation pH decreased, CO2 increased, HCO3 increased
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ABG values in DKA
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low pH, low HCO3, low PCO2 (compensation)
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ABG values in diuretic overuse
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met alkalosis/contraction alkalosis: high pH, high HCO3, high pCO2
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S/E of colchicine
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nausea pain diarrhea
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colchicine affects what structure
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cytoskeleton (microtubules)
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agenesis of sacrum and lumbar spine with flaccid paralysis of legs in a newborn
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caudal regression syndrome from maternal diabetes
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Avoid risk for serotonin syndrome b/w MAO use and SSRIs by allowing time for???
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enzyme re-synthesis
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an RNA molecule with 90 nucleotides, dihydrouracil thymidine and acetylcytosine residues. Found in gram + bacteria
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tRNA!!!
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3' end of tRNA contains what sequence
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CCA (CAN CARRY AMINO ACIDS)
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target protein is being obtained using a radiolabeled DNA probe…what could the protein be.
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capable of DNA binding, some kind of transcription factor such as n-myc or c-myc
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Folate deficiency inhibits the formation of
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dTMP which limits DNA synthesis and therefore promotes megaloblastosis and erythroid precursor cell apoptosis
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what supplement can help reduce erythroid precursor apoptosis in folate deficiency?
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thymidine (increases dTMP levels)
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CFTR abnormality electrolyte changes
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REDUCED luminal chloride secretion, INCREASED sodium and water absorption
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scurvy problem with what collagen step? Where does it occur in cell?
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hydroxylation of proline and lysine. Occurs in RER
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Tx of serotonin syndrome
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cyproheptadine: an antihistamine with anti-serotonergic properties
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Antidote for Benzo overdose
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flumazenil
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Carpal tunnel syndrome/median n compression can be assoc with what pathology
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hypothyroid, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, dialysis related amyloidosis
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Antipsychotic medication, patient has inner restlessness and inability to sit or stand in one position.
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AKATHISIA
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Involuntary perioral mvmts + choreoathetoid mvmts
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Tardive dyskinesia
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4 sx of neuroletpic malignant syndrome
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hyperthermia, rigidity, autonomic instability, altered mental status
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Drug induced parkinsonism in a psychiatric patient, what is best tx?
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benztropine. Centrally acting antimuscarinic
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Pathway from hyperventilation to dizziness/weakness/blurry vision
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hyperventilation -> hypocapnia (decreased CO2) -> cerebral vasoconstriction -> decreased cerebral perfusion
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Pruritis, high alkaline phosphatase, high antimitochondrial antibodies: disease? Histology mimics what other disease?
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disease is primary biliary cirrhosis, mimics graft vs host disease
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Beta 1 blockers reduce cAMP levels in what areas?
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cardiomyocytes, juxtaglomerular cells (not vascular)
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Pure red cell aplasia 1) define 2) associated with what conditions
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1) rare form of marrow failure with severe hypoplasia of marrow erythroid elements with normal granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. 2) THYMOMA, LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, PARVO B19
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How to distinguish b/w pheochromocytoma and juxtaglomerular cell tumor
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JG cell tumor causes secondary hyperaldosteronism and therefore HYPOkalemia, muscle weakness and increased RENIN levels
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underlying feature of megaloblastosis is a defect in
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dna synthesis
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in chronic alcoholics, megaloblastic anemia can result from
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nutritional deficiency of folate and therefore impaired synthesis of purien and pyrimidine bases
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Cerebellar tumor in a child is most likely what two things? How to tell apart?
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pilocytic astrocytoma (CYSTIC + solid), medulloblastoma (SOLID)
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Morphine 1) MOA what receptors 2) ionic changes
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1) Mu receptor 2) it is g protein linked and increases potassium efflux
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PSGN findings histologically
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lumpy bumpy IgG & C3 deposits on IF, and subepithelial HUMPS on EM, and hypercellular glomeruli on light microscopy
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LINEAR IgG & C3
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anti GBM
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Temporal GCA histo looks like what other arteritis
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takayasu. Both have granulomatous inflamm of media
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segmental fibrinoid necrosis of small vessels
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microscopic polyangiitis
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transmural necrotizing inflammation of medium to small arteries
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PAN
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thrombosing vasculitis
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buergers
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ARDS
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non cardiogeneic pulmonary interstitial and intraalveolar edema, inflammation, & hyaline membranes
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Most common cause of adrenal insufficiency
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depression of HPA axis via glucocorticoid therapy (decreases crh, acth and cortisol)
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Glycogen degradation is coupled to skeletal muscle contraction due to
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calcium mediated myophosphorylase activation
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Responsible for the synthesis of epinephrine, under control of cortisol:
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PNMT Phenylethanolamine N Methyltransferase
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Metabolism of catecholamines
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COMT, MAO
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chemotherapy patient with increased bun/creatinine and decreased urine output is experiencing
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tumor lysis syndrome
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prevent of tumor lysis
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rasburicase (or allopurinol)
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green discolouration of pus or sputum noted during bacterial infections is associated with the release of?
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MPO from neutrophil azurophilic granules. It is a heme containing molecule.
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Pathogenesis of nonbacterial thrombotic endocardiis
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often involves a hypercoagulable state, sometimes due to procoag effect of products of cancers. MARANTIC endocarditis
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pathophysiology of nonbact thrombotic endocartiditis is similar to
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trousseau's syndrome - migratory thrombophlebitis also induced by disseminated cancers
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Nitrate agent with HIGEST oral bioavailability
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isosorbide mononitrate
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Tx for blanching of a vein into which norepinephrine is being infused with induration and pallor of surrounding tissues:
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ALPHA 1 blocker such as phentolamine
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99mmTc pertechnetate scan always think
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meckel's diverticulum (obliteration of omphalomesenteric duct fails) leads to ulceration/bleeding etc
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why is h flu grown with s aureus
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h flu requires x and v (hematin and NAD+). Staph aureus can produce these needed factors
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what causes wrinkles
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decreased SYNTHESIS and net loss of collagen and elastin
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hypertension/TIA tx option that has s/e of neutropenia
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ticlopidine
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NNT
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1/ARR (ARR = [%disease in those not tx] - [%disease in those tx])
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NNH
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1/AR (AR = R exp - R not exp)
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One week after liver transplant, desquamating skin rash & bloody diarrhea with intestinal mucosal ulceration
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Graft vs host disease. Graft t cell sensitization against host MHC
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Bone structure changes in Rickets
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Osteoid matrix accumulation around trabeculae
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Spongiosa iflling medullary canal with no mature trabeculae
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Osteopetrosis
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Tx for a patient after having anion gap met acidosis. After several hrs, patients status improves with increased bicarb and sodium decreased serum osm nd serum potassium. What was the tx
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insulin & normal saline
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derivative of common cardinal vein
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SVC
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MOA of propranolol in thyroid
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decreases peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
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Right side face right arm swelling and engorged SC veins on right side of neck
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BRACHIOCEPHALIC compression (SVC is bilateral)
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Potassium homeostasis in the nephron
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2/3 reabsorbed in PT, some in the TAL, CCD is main site of regulation. Hypokaelmic: more reabsorption. Hyperkalemia: pump back out
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Pathophys of acute pulmonary edema in the setting of aortic stenosis
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Severe AS -> leads to A.Fib and LV hypertrophy. A sudden decrease of LV preload ultimately causes acute pulm edema
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Pantothenic acid =
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CoA
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Pantothenic acid used for what rxns
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Acetylation such as OAA -> Citrate
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A drug that increases PT & PTT but no effect on TT
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Direct factor Xa inhibitor
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Raltegravir impairs what step of viral replication
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mRNA transcription (b/c HIV can't INTEGRATE into host cell chromosomes)
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Mast cells in small bowel mucosa with pruritis rash flushing and abdominal mass
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systemic mastocytosis (will also have gastric hypersecretion)
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A rare complication of antithyroid drugs
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perform WBC count with differential due to AGRANULOCYTOSIS
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Hep C is genetically unstable why
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lacks 3->5' exonuclease activity and its envelope glycoprotein contains a hypervariable region prone to frequent genetic mutatino
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Osteoporosis: changes in serum calcium and pth
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none
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CHF patient: reduced cardiac output triggers what responses
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SNS stimulation, RAAS stimulation, ADH secretion
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Efect of hormone replacement therapy on thyroid hormones
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estrogen increases TBG levels, increases total T4 & T3 but the free thyroid hormone is normal
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Reassortment
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two segmented viruses exchange whole genome segments
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Recombination
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exchange of genes b/w two chromosomes via crossing over
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Transformation
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uptake naked DNA
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Phenotypic mixing
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nucleocapsid proteins from one strain and genome from another strain
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Fatigue, muscle weakness, occasional headaches, high blood pressure, very low renin, right sided mass
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conn's syndrome tx eplerenone
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Allosteric activator of GNG
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ACoA
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Order of enzymes that repair damage in cytosine deamination
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glycosylase (cleaves altered base) -> endonuclease & lyase (cleave 5 end and 3 end) -> DNA polymerase & ligase fill gaps
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MOA of IL-2 in treating RCC/met melanoma
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activates NK CELLS & monocytes
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mast cells release
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histamine & TRYPTASE
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Genetic abnormality in hemochromatosis affects which process
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intestinal absorption
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haptoglobin decreases when
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hemoglobin in circulation such as in hemolysis
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Which of the following differs in its MOA: Acyclovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir, cidofovir
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CIDOFOVIR (requires cellular kinases to activate this nucleotide). The rest require viral & cellular kinases to convert to active form
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Prophylaxis of MAC in HIV+ patients with
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azithromycin weekly
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Tx for MRSA that has s/e of myopathy
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daptomycin (depolarizes cellular membrane)
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Tx for MRSA with s/e of thrombocytopenia, optic neuritis, serotonin syndrome
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linezolid
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Treatment for narcolepsy
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psychostimulants such as MODAFINIL
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What imaging helps establish dx of acute cholecystitis
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failed gallbladder visualization on radionuclide biliary scan (HIDA scan)
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Intermittent claudication tx that inhibits plt agg and directly vasodilates arteries
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cilostazol
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Alanine donates an amino group to what to be converted to glucose
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alanine -> pyruvate as it donates an amino group to ALPHA KG
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C perfringens can split
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phospholipids with lecithinase (alpha toxin) destroys membranes
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Differences of ELASTIN from collagen
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1) few proline & lysine residues hydroxylated 2) no triple helix 3) unique cross linking of desmosine b/w LYSINES. Thanks to lysyl hydroxylase
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PKU enzyme deficiency
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phenylalanine hydroxylase or tetrahydrobiopterin
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most common cause of death in patients with TCA overdose
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refractory hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias from inhibition of fast sodium channels
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What opioid narotic can cause withdrawal in dependent or tolerant persons?
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Pentazocine. Partial agonist and weak antagonist effects
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patient stable on lithium for years adds what anti HTN medication that causes lithium toxicity
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HCTZ
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6 yo male vision problems mental retardation masive stroke, MCA thrombosis and renal infarcts: what could have prevented death?
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Pt has homocystinuria due to cystathione synthetase deficiency. Prevent with PYRIDOXINE (B6)
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Why acyclovir and derivatives are more effective against HSV/VZV than CMV/EBV
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Acyclovir must be monophosphorylated by a viral thymidine kinase
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Pt with chronic hemolytic anemia predisposed to increased macrocytosis due to???
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folic acid deficiency from increased erythrocyte turnover
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HYPOKETOTIC hypoglycemia after prolonged fasting
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(Medium chain) ACoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD)
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Sodium cyanide nitroprusside test
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sodium cyanide added to urine + nitroprusside -> urine becomes red-purple in colour if contains cystine (due to sulfhydryl groups)
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Cystinuria
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defect renal PTs -> decreased reabsorption of cystine -> recurrent stone formation from a young age
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Vitamin that can be of benefit in measles treatment
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Vitamin A
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Brown pigment stones
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secondary to infection of biliary tract
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Enzyme that contributes to brown pigment stones
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beta glucuronidase (released by injured hepatocytes and bacteria -> hydrolysis of bilirubin glucoronides and increases amt of UCB in bile)
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Fever, throat pain, dyspnea, inspiratory stridor. DYSPHAGIA, immature hematopoietic cells in blood smear: what is the origin of the neoplastic cells?
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t - cells!! This is ALL but T cell b/c of thymic involvement
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Intimal thickening & collagen deposition in atherosclerosis is caused by what cells?
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smooth muscle cells that migrate from media into intima, proliferaiton, collagen synthesis.
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Anemia, elevated LDH, indirect bilirubinemia, lysing of RBCs in hypotonic saline
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hereditary spherocytosis
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hereditary spherocytosis can increase risk of
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pigmented gallstones
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Tx mainstay for CMV retinitis
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Ganciclovir
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Tests to prove hereditary spherocytosis
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osmotic fragility and INCREASED MCHC
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Tingling post huge ass blood transfusion
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due to calcium chelation from citrate in transfused blood
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Severe dyspnea, PaO2 of 62, PAO2 of 71. What is the cause of the sx?
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The A-a gradient is NORMAL!!! Hypoventilation
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High SPECIFICITY autoantibodies in RA?
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Citrullinated peptides
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Right sided flank pain after surgery for invasive cervical carcinoma due to:
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hydronephrosis: ureter was ligated
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Best screening test for hypothyroidism
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serum TSH b/c t3/t4 take a while to move
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Pt with ulcerative colitis has abd pain, distension, fever, diarrhea, shock:
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toxic megacolon
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what's the best way to diagnose toxic megacolon
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plain xray
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Tx for hairy cell leukemia and why does it get high IC concentrations?
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cladribine. Resistant to degradation by adenosine deaminase
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Causes of lactic acidosis
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enhanced met rate, reduced o2 deliver, diminished lactate catabolism (hepatic failure) decreased o2 utilization (cyanide poisoning), enzyme defects in glycogenolysis or gluconeogenesis
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why lactic acidosis in septic shock
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tissue hypoxia results in impaired oxidative phosphorylation and shunting of pyruvate to lactate following glycolysis
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increases GNG in liver thru IC receptor
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cortisol
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Reactive hyperplastic LN changes that aren't necessarily malignant
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pleomorphism, mitoses, nuclear changes
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Strong evidence of malignancy in LNs
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monoclonal lymphocytic proliferation
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Measuring what can be most useful in determining cause of metabolic alkalosis?
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Urinary chloride concentration & pts volume status
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HCV genetically unstable b/c
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lacks proofreading 3->5' exonuclease activity in RNA polymerase and envelope GP contains hypervariable region prone to freq gene mutation
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What RBCs have bluish tint on Wright Giemsa stain
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Reticulocytes due to ribosomal RNA
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Heavy calcification of aortic valve: changes are preceded by what cell changes?
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cell necrosis b/c this is dystrophic calcification
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Positively skewed distribution
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mean > median > mode
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negatively skewed distribution
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tail on the "left": mean < median < mode
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Which TCA enzyme is most impaired in alcoholic
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alpha KG dehydrogenase (Thiamine)
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How to prevent crystalline nephropathy with acyclovir?
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iv hydration
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Pramipexole MOA
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stimulates dopamine receptors
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which PD drug enhances effect of endogenous dopamine
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amantadine
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HUS lab abnormalities
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decreased RBC count, hematocrit and platelet count and INCREASED bleeding time, LDH, BUN/Cr
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common cmv infection in hiv pt
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retinitis and COLITIS
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Leucine residues in a nuclear protein corresponds to
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nucleic acid binding domains
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corbolfuchsin stains
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mycolic acid
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sporadic double vision with scattered nonspecific white matter plaques on MRI
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MS
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PNMT
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synthesis of epinephrine
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Converts epinephrine to metanephrine and norepi to normetanephrine
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COMT
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Resting membrane potential is most contributed to by what ions??
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high potassium efflux and some sodium influx
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Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by what values? Most common causes?
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increase in all ph, hco3, co2. most common: vomiting, NG suction, diuretics, hyperaldosteronism.
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Eosinophils help defend against parasites through immediate hypersensitivity or antibody dependent cytotoxicity?
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antibody dependent cytotoxicity. IgE binds parasite, then binds Fc receptor -> eosinophil releases MBP/enzymes -> destroy antibody bound parasites.
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Eosinophils also regulate what type of hypersensitivity
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Type 1 hypersensitivity by using histaminase, LTs, and peroxidases
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Male with cyanotic toe discolouration after coronary angioplasty -> serum Cr increases -> renal biopsy shows?
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cholesterol crystals in arterial lumen. Atheroembolic renal disease is most likely
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Processes by which liver takes up/releases indirect vs direct bilirubin
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Takes up indirect through passive process [OATP] and secretes direct through ACTIVE process [MRP2 ATP binding cassette pr]
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If energy dependent organic anion transport across the hepatocellular membrane is inhibited, what changes in bilirubin/urobilinogen/sterocobilinogen might occur?
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increased bilirubin secretion in the urine.
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Severe carnitine deficiency and wasting creates deficient synthesis of what substances?
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ketone bodies. Acetoacetate
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Review of body's opioid system
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Enkephalins, endorphins, dynorphins. Affinity to delta & mu receptors. POMC is the precursor for other things as well such as ACTH & MSH
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Utilize Jak/stat signaling pathway:
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PiG: Prolactin, Growth Hormones, & cytokines & CSFs
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Characteristics of ulcerative colitis associated carcinomas
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Non polypoid dysplastic lesions, multifocal, develop EARLY p53 & LATE APC mutations, higher grade.
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What receptors when bound have immediate Influx of Na & Ca, and efflux of K+??
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Nicotinic.
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Acute onset abd pain, nausea, confusion. Correlate with drinking. Urine turns dark on standing. Improved sx with dextrose. What does she have??
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Acute Intermediate Porphyria
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Glucose loading depresses what enzyme in heme pathway?
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ALA synthase
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Lipids are digested and absorbed where
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digested in duodenum absorbed in JEJUNUM.
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Findings in isolated diastolic heart failure (LVEDV, LVEDP, LV EF)
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Diastolic failure is a decrease in ventricular diastolic compliance, normal ventricular contraction. So LVEDP must increase to have a normal LVEDV & SV, and therefore EF
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14 month old, neuro sx, megaloblastic anemia, high urine orotic acid excretion: problem & tx?
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Orotic aciduria: URIDINE SUPPLEMENTATION inhibits CPSII
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Derived from 1) ureteric bud 2) mesonephric mesoderm
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1) ureteric bud: Collecting ducts, major minor calyces, renal pelvis, ureters 2) met mesoderm: Glomerulus, bowman's space, proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, collecting tubule
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subarachnoid hemorrhage can be followed by vasospasm: what tx can prevent this
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CCB such as NIMODIPINE
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Niacin effects on diabetic meds & anti HTN meds
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diabetes: must increase meds b/c of insulin resistance antiHTN; niacin potentiates effects, lower dose
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Four MAJOR causes of hypoxemia
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alveolar hypoventilation (NORMAL Aa) VQ mismatch, diffusion impairment, right to left shunt (These have abnormal Aa)
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Anti seizure med that can cause lymphadenopathy
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Phenytoin. (also hirsutism, coarse facial features, skin rash, gingival hypertrophy)
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Acute effects of corticosteroids on CBC
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INCREASED NEUTROPHILS & DEMARGINATION, decreased lymphocyte, monocyte basophil, eosinophils
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Shine Dalgarno sequence
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on mRNA, 10 bases upstream from AUG start codon, it is complementary to 16S rRNA, and this allows 30S subunit to bind in preparation for protein translation
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Pulsus paradoxus
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cardiac tamponade
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Pulsus parvus
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et tardus = aortic stenosis
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Staph epi commonly causes foreign body infections because of what ability?
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ADHERENT BIOFILMS: synthesis of an extracellular polysaccharride matrix
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Angiogenesis driven by what TWO substances
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VEGF & FGF
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RPF =
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PAH clearance
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RBF =
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(PAH Clearance aka RPF) / (1 - Hct)
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Receptor effects of MORPHINE
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Binds mu receptors -> G protein coupled activation of POTASSIUM efflux -> hyperpolarizes postsynaptic neurons
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Hypoxia induced lactic acidosis is caused by low activity of
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pyruvate dehydrogenase
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Lactic acidosis occurs in patients with septic shock why?
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Tissue hypoxia -> impaired oxidative phosphorylation -> shunting of pyruvate to lactate following glycolysis
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HMP shunt generates
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pentose sugars and NADPH
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Anabolic rxns that use NADPH as electron donor and therefore depend on hmp shunt
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cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis
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Fever, fatigue, joint pain, urticaria type skin rash, symptoms then abate and ALT & AST are now elevated =?
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Acute viral Hep B (it has a serum-sickness like syndrome in the prodromal period)
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Only what organ can utilize glycerol from trigly breakdown? What enzyme is used in this organ to metabolize glycerol?
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Liver: Glycerol Kinase. Used to mkaeGlycerol 3 phosphate -> DHAP -> glycolysis or GNG. (Adipose tissue makes glycerol phosphate from DHAP)
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Define claudication
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Intermittent muscle pain reproducibly caused by exercise & relieved by a brief period of rest; almost always the result of ATHEROSCLEROSIS
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Derivatives of acyclovir
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valacyclovir, famciclovir, ganciclovir
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Patient with hypochromic microcytic anemia: most rule what out first
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blood loss as a cause of iron deficiency
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MOA of ethambutol
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inhibits carbohydrate polymerization via arabinosyl transferase
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Nitroglycerin structure & moa
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3 carbon backbone - O - NO2 : VENODILATOR.
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Bilateral renal masses with fat, smooth muscle, and blood vessels =
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Renal angiomyolipomas indicative of tuberous sclerosis. Other findings: cardiac rhabdomyomas, facial angiofibromas, ash leaf spots
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Before starting ACE inhibitor in an elderly patient, what other drug should you inquire about?
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Thiazides or loops. First dose hypotension can occur with ACE inhibitors.
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Component of n meningitidis most correlated with mortality
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outer membrane LOS
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Primidone
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metabolized to PEMA & PHENOBARB
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Mood disorder treated with a drug whose side effects include hypothyroidism
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LITHIUM causes that and other sh*t
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Decreases progression of diabetic nephropathy
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ACE-I & ARB
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Diphenoxylate
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opiate anti diarrheal that affects motility
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Diabetes, necrolytic erythema and anemia
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glucagonoma
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First sx of alcohol withdrawal
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tremulousness. Others are GI, agitation, anxiety, autonomic. Delirium tremens is most severe beginning 48-72 hrs after last drink
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Riboflavin excretion is low: what enzyme of TCA is decreased
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succinate DH
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Oxaloacetate reacts with glutamate to form aspartate . What vitamin is involved?
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this is TRANSAMINATION - SO B6 OR PYRIDOXINE
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Pathogenicity of H flu
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capsule
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Enzyme nonfunctional in xeroderma pigmentosum
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ENDONUCLEASE which is used dimer Excision
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Foscarnet toxicity
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can chelate calcium & cause renal magnesium wasting
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Precocious puberty, obstructive hydrocephalus, and parinaud syndrome =
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Germinoma of pineal region
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Adult type coarctation of aorta is associated with
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aortic aneurysms & congenital berry aneurysms
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6 MP is inactivated by
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XO
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Metastatic breast cancer tx
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AROMATASE inhibitors
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Megaloblastosis underlying feature
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dna synthesis defect.
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Kozak sequence
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role in initiating translation. Mutated 3 bases upstream from start codon. Associated with thalassemia intermedia
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HAV in childhood
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usually ANICTERIC
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Virally encoded protein highly correlated with infection of epithelial cells
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surface GP
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Bupropion side effect
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seizures
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Drug that relaxes arterioles but not veins -> what's a probably adverse effect?
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stimulates baroreceptor mediated SNS activation causing sodium & fluid retention
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Side effect of atropine
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increased intraocular pressure
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Recurrent hemorrhagic stroke is the most common presentation of
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cerebral amyloid angiopathy
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Buspirone
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5HT1A receptor agonist -> MINIMAL HYPNOTIC EFFECTS
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TX ESSENTIAL TREMOR
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PROPRANOLOL
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