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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ethical computer use |
broad governs what you can and can't do with the computer at work Ex: Cyberbullying or Fraud |
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acceptable use |
The employee has to agree to "acceptable use" in order to access corporate e-mail, information systems, and Internet Ex: Agree to not use the service to violate laws |
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information privacy |
we will keep your info private Ex: Visa must keep it's customers buying habits private from marketing companies |
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e-mail privacy |
The extent to which emails may be read by others The organization that owns the e-mail can make it as open or as private as needed, so "privacy" is misleading to some employees -deleting the email will only delete the information from your account but not the other account |
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social media |
policies designed to protect the image of the company/brand 24/7 policy on both company and personal accounts |
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workplace monitoring |
-Tools for workplace monitoring can include cameras, audio monitors, and monitoring of phone and computer use, either with logs or with manual monitoring by information technology personnel. -Companies need to be specific about what they will be monitoring: How, when, where |
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-Compete on price -Make money on selling in bulk |
Low Cost Leadership Strategy |
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Why do we buy a particular brand? Comfort? Price? Brand recognition? Luxury items? |
Differentiation Strategy |
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Appeals to a particular group that is not being targeted Niche marketing |
Focus Strategy |
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We as a company are good at something Ex: Customer service, offer the best deal |
core compentency |
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Best in class, or best in the industry at this "particular thing", but consumers don't care |
distinctive compentency |
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Best in class, and consumers care |
Competitive Advantage |
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Your competition tries to copy you Companies that do their job so well that no one can compete Monopolies |
Sustainable Competitive Advantage |
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Porter's Five Forces |
Measures industry attractiveness -Can we make a profit from joining this market? |
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Ex: Choosing any restaurant in Pittsburg -The MORE choices consumers have, the HIGHER the buyer power -Loyalty programs/switching cost (the cost of switching providers) |
Buyer power |
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The suppliers ability to influence the prices they charge for supplies (labor, materials, and services) -Private exchange (reverse auction) brings the price down Ex: only 2 airliners- Boeing and Airbus
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Supplier power |
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Ex: Banks on every corner
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Threat of new entrants |
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Product/service differentiation can reduce threat by adding value Ex: Soft drinks can be distriubted at vending machines, convenience stores, gas stations
Make customers think there is no acceptable substitute Ex: An iPhone with many features is more acceptable compared to a traditional cell phone |
Threat of substitutes |
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Ex: AT&T vs. Verizon Loyalty programs/ differentiation
Ex: Amazon keeps a customer profile to target them with specific products related to past purchases
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Rivalry among competitors |
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How well the system works (performance) How is it measured? |
Efficiency
Measured through: 1. throughput 2. transaction speed 3. system availability 4. info. accuracy 5. response time |
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volume of data or material handled: the amount of something such as data or raw material that is processed over a given period |
throughput |
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time from pressing submit, until you are through |
transaction speed |
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The amount of time you can access something Ex: Amazon is available all the time Pitt State will close GUS down for a few hours in the middle of the night |
system availability |
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should match what you can figure out Ex: GPA |
info. accuracy |
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When we do things w/in the system, how long does it take? |
response time |
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impact the system has on our goals and objectives How is it used? |
effectiveness 1. usability 2. customer satisfaction 3. conversion rates 4. financial |
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Ex. financial effectiveness |
When is our return on investment? What form will it be in?
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Ex. of conversation rates effectiveness |
How often are we turning browsers in to buyers? |
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Ex. of customer satisfaction effectiveness |
How well do the customers like it? Measured by: satisfaction surveys, percentage of customer retained, increase in revenue dollar per customer |
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Ex. of usability effectiveness |
How easy is it? How useful is it? Just because it's hard to use, can it still be useful? |
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CIO |
Chief information officer 1. overseeing all uses of MIS 2. ensuring that MIS strategically aligns w/ business goals and objectives -is a manager, leader, and communicator |
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CKO |
Chief Knowledge Officer collecting, maintaining, and distributing company knowledge |
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CSO |
Chief security officer ensuring security of business systems and developing strategies and safeguards against attacks by hackers and viruses |
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CTO |
Chief technology officer ensuring the throughput, speed, accuracy, availability, and reliability of MIS -EFFICIENCY |
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CPO |
Chief privacy officer ensuring the ethical and legal use of information w/in a company (snoopers) |
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simple vs. composite attributes |
Simple: City (Pittsburg)
Composite: Specific address, break down composites to simplify |
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single vs multi-valued attributes |
Single: Home phone, cell phone, work phone
Multi: Asking for someones phone number, they could give you ANY number (multi options) |
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stored vs. derived attributes |
Stored: store date of birth Derived: from a stored d.o.b, one can derive your age |
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Difference between ______ and 0.00 |
______ is a null value 0.00 is not a null value
Null values cannot be in the primary key value. The more null values=the worse the information |
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3 relationship types
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1:1 governors:states (common attribute)
1:M advisors:students (one entity to multiple entities)
M:N professors:courses (many professors teach many courses, many courses are taught by multiple professors) |
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one cell on access |
field |
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equivalent of a column on access characteristic of a person place or thing |
attribute |
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person place or thing |
entity |
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group of related entities |
table (access) |
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group of related tables |
database |
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1:1, 1:M, M:N How data relates to other data |
connectivity |
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-Based on the rules of the organization that you work for aka "business rules" -Pitt State, KU, K-State, each have different rules on how they operate -If you build a database to sort a person's contact information you might limit the number of addresses with _______. You could allow a name to be associated with only one address or with multiple addresses. |
cardinality *can affect the connectivity* (1:1 changes to 1:M) |
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unique identifier (ex: we all have our own student i.d. number) leads to finding other attribute(s) that uniquely identify each entity in a table Ex: student i.d. number |
primary key |
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multiple attributes Ex. First, Middle, Last name |
composite primary key |
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Entity integries (primary key) |
1. Primary key cannot be null 2. Primary key must be unique |
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Relationship between two tables Primary key of one table placed in to another a link between the two tables |
Foreign Key |
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Referential Integrity (foreign key) |
1. Foreign key can be null 2. Foreign key must match the primary key of the related table |
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Firms are switching from ____________ to _____________ because of intense competition from competitors |
sales-forced business strategies customer focused business strategies |
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a means of managing all aspects of a customer's relationship with an organization to increase customer loyalty and retention and an organization’s profitability |
customer relationship management -allows organizations to gain insights into customers shopping/buying behaviors |
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Primary component of managing CRM? |
Knowing when and why the customer is communicating with the company |
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The complicated piece of the puzzle is that customers have many communication channels and the firm wants to keep track of customer communications to build a relationship |
Ex: text message, voice mail, email/letter, web/phone order, meeting or customer service call, twitter/facebook/blog |
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supports traditional transactional processing for day-to-day front office operations or systems that deal directly with the customers |
operational CRM |
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supports back-office operations with strategic analysis and includes all systems that do not deal directly with the customers |
analytical CRM |
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Focuses on keeping suppliers satisfied by evaluating and categorizing suppliers for different projects, which optimizes supplier selection |
Supplier relationship management -Gives companies the opportunity to determine the best supplier to collaborate w/ and can work on developing a strong relationship w/ the supplier |
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Focuses on keeping vendors satisfied by managing alliance partner and reseller relationships that provide customers w/ the optimal sales channel |
Partner relationship managment Strategy: Select and manage partners to optimize their long term value to an organization |
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Benefits of partner relationship management |
-Expanded market coverage -Offerings of specialized products and services -Broadened range of offerings and more complete solution |
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Provides employees with a subset of CRM applications available through web browser |
Employee relationship managment -Assist the employee in dealing with customers by providing detailed information on company products, services, and customer orders |
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What is Enterprise Resource Planning? |
-provide a foundation for collaboration between departments, enabling people in different business areas to communicate -allows employees across organization to share information across a single, centralized database |
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Enterprise Resource Planning is the the organizations backbone in providing |
fundamental decision-making support |
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Why was ERP adopted? |
adopted to store critical knowledge used to make the decisions that drive performance |
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An ERP organization can also involve its ________ and _________ to participate in the workflow process which will help achieve greater operational efficiency |
suppliers and customers |
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Example of goals for ERP |
obtain operational efficiencies, lower costs, improve supplier and customer relationships, increase revenues |
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What is ERP? |
A central database that collects information from and feeds information into all the ERP systems individual application components (called modules). When a user enters or updates information in one module, it is immediately and automatically updated throughout the entire system. |
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Originally, ERP could not extend to functional areas of the company such as ____,____, and _____ It also could not tie in CRM capabilities or work with websites or portals used for customer service. |
sales marketing shipping |
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ERP has since expanded to (3 things) |
warehousing distribution order entry |
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To compete on a functional level today, companies must adopt an enterprise wide approach to ERP that utilizes the |
Internet and connects to every facet of the value chain. |
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Why do orgainzations face the challenge of intergrating their systems? |
-Most org. have no choice but to piece their SCM, CRM, and ERP together because no one vendor can respond to every organazational need -Customer purchase applications from multiple vendors |
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several different types of software that sit in the middle of and provide connectivity between two or more software applications -This is how integration is achieved |
middleware
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a new approach to middleware by packaging together commonly used functionality, such as providing pre-built links to popular enterprise applications, which reduces the time necessary to develop solutions that integrate applications from multiple vendors |
Enterprise application integration middleware |
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Companies run on interdependent applications such as SCM, CRM, and ERP so it one application performs poorly |
the entire customer value delivery system is affected |
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The traditional componenets included in most ERP systems and they primarily focus on internal operations |
Core ERP components Ex: Accounting and finance Production and materials management Human resource
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The extra components that meet the organizational needs not covered by the core components and primarily focus on external operations |
Extended ERP components Ex: Business intelligence CRM Supply chain management Ebusiness |
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ERP and Accounting and Finance |
Manage inventory Turnaround time Warehouse space more effictively Credit management |
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ERP and Production and Materials Management Components |
Handle the various aspects of production planning and execution such as demand forecasting, production scheduling, job cost accounting, and quality control |
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Human resources ERP Components |
Track employee information including payroll, benefits, compensation, and performance assessment, and assure compliance with the legal requirements of multiple jurisdictions and tax authorities |
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Collect information used throughout the organization, organize it, and apply analytical tools to assist managers with decisions |
Business Intelligence components |
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Provide an integrated view of customer data and interactions allowing organizations to work more effectively with customers and be more responsive to their needs Ex: Contact centers, sales force automation, and marketing functions |
Customer relationship management components |
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Help an organization plan, schedule, control , and optimize the supply chain from its acquisition or raw materials to the receipt of finished goods by customers |
Supply chain management components |
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Manages the transportation and storage of goods
The business-to-business purchase and sale of suppliers and services over the internet
Allow companies to establish and web presence and fulfill orders expenditously |
Elogistics
Eprocurement
Ebusiness Components |
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It takes the average company ____ months to see any benefits from an ERP system |
8-18 |
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ERP systems have a _____ risk because they do not come cheap. |
high |
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What is MIS? |
A business function which moves information about people, products, processes, across the company to facilitate decision making and problem solving |
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Technology Acceptance Model |
See chart |
