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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
TRUE
Functions of water in the body include lubricant, maintains protein structure, and participant in chemical reactions.
TRUE
Water contributes most to the weight of the human body.
Between Cells
Where is interstitial water found?
TRUE
Water intoxication is rare but can result in death
300 ML
What is the minimum water intake (from all sources; liquid, food and metabolic) for an adult with an energy expenditure of 2,500 kcalories?
FALSE
Hard water contains the lowest amount of minerals.
Sodium
Which of the following minerals is present in highest concentration in soft water?
Sodium
What is the major extracellular electrolyte?
Potassium 98% inside cells
What is the major intracellular electrolyte?
Sodium & Chloride
When a person loses fluid by sweating or bleeding, what minerals are lost in greatest quantity?
TRUE
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent hypertension and is both lower in sodium and higher in foods with potassium, calcium and magnesium.
Processed foods
What is the greatest single source of sodium in the American diet?
FALSE
Chloride deficiencies are extremely common
TRUE
Those who ingest low amounts of fresh fruits/vegetables are amoung those people known to be at risk for potassium depletion.
1%
Approximately what percentage of the body’s calcium is found in the blood?
Bones & Teeths
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to
TRUE
Blood clotting, nerve transmission and maintenance of heart beat, are all processes that directly involve calcium.
TRUE
Lactose, pregnancy, and stomach acid are known to enhance calcium absorption from the GI tract
300
How much calcium would typically be absorbed by a normal adult with a calcium intake of 1,000 mg?
TRUE
Osteoporosis has virtually no effect on blood calcium levels.
30-40
At what age do adults normally begin to lose bone mass?
Accompanies calcium in bone & in many foods (i.e milk). Dietary excess may inhibits calcium
Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus in nutrition?
Energy systems & heart functioning
Which of the following is a major function of magnesium?
TRUE
Magnesium is known to be involved in muscle contraction, and is therefore important in rhythmic heart beat and cardiovascular health
TRUE
A characteristic of the trace minerals is that the amounts in foods are dependent, in part, on soil composition
TRUE
Hemoglobin is the iron-containing compound that carries oxygen in the bloodstream?
MFP factor, organic acids, ascorbic acid, Vit. C, (Citrate, lactic, and HCL acids) , sugars, Foods containing vitamin C
All of the following factors are known to enhance the absorption of iron
Vitamin C
Which of the following nutrients enhances iron absorption from the intestinal tract?
FALSE
Tea, coffee, and phytates are all known to increase the absorption of iron.
Men 20-45 years of age
Which of the following population groups is least susceptible to iron-deficiency anemia?
1st-Women in reproductive years
2nd-Women in pregnancy
3rd-Children
Which of the following individuals would most likely need an iron supplement?
Heart disease
Which of the following may be linked with the presence of high blood iron?
On average, women do not eat enough iron-containing foods
Which of the following is a feature of iron nutrition?
Bread & Cereals
In the United States, iron is currently added to which of the following foods?
TRUE
Zinc is known to play an important role in wound healing, synthesis of retinal, and the production of sperm (please gentlemen, hold your applause)
TRUE
Excess zinc is known to lead to copper deficiency?
TRUE
Copper deficiency due to interference with copper absorption is a known side effect of prolonged ingestion of excessive amounts of zinc supplements?
TRUE
Zinc is highest in foods that also contain a high amount of protein
Iodine
What mineral is critical to the synthesis of thyroxin, the hormone that controls the rate of oxygen use by cells, and hence metabolism?
Seafood
Which of the following is the richest source of iodine?
Simple goiter; Thyroid glands enlarged
Which of the following may result from iodine deficiency?
TRUE
Selenium inhibits the formation of free radicals and therefore acts as an antioxidant
Selenium
What trace element is part of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which acts as a major antioxidant?
Shellfish
Which of the following meats would be the best source of copper?
Public water
What is the most reliable source of dietary fluoride?
Dental decay
Fluoride deficiency is best known to lead to
Carbohydrate
Because it is believed the hormone insulin is dependent upon chromium for optimal activity, one of the chief functions of chromium is participation in the metabolism of
TRUE
Evidence to date in animals and/or human beings suggests that normal bone metabolism requires the trace minerals boron, silicon, and vanadium.