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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a mineral?
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A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.
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naturally occurring
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For a substance to be a mineral, it must occur naturally
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inorganic
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Not formed from living thing or the remains of living things
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solid
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particles that are packed together very tightly
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crystal structure
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The particles of a mineral that line up and repeats over and over again
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crystal
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A solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again
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definite chemical composition
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minerals that contain certain elements in definite proportions
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element
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A substance composed of a single kind of atom
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compound
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A substance in which two or more elements that are chemically joined
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hardness
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The level of the minerals calcium and magnesium in water
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Mohs hardness scale
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A scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals
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color
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An easily observed physical property
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streak
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The color of the mineral's powder
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luster
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the way a mineral reflects light
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density
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The amount of mass in a given space; mass per unit volume
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crystal systems
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Crystals of each mineral grow atom by atom to form a mineral's crystal structure
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cleavage
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A mineral's ability to split easily on flat surfaces
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fracture
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The way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way
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special properties
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ways to identify a mineral
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fluorescence
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the property of a mineral in which the mineral glows under ultraviolet light
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minerals from magma
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Minerals that are formed as hot magma cools inside the crust, or as lava hardens on the surface
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minerals from hot water solutions
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Elements that form a mineral dissolves in hot water
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solution
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A mixture in which one substance has dissolved in another
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vein
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A narrow slab of a mineral that is sharply different from the surrounding rock
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minerals formed by evaporation
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solutions that have been evaporated
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where minerals are found
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minerals are found in parts of the earth's crust
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