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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the first two questions Albert asks Sophie?
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Who are you and where does the world come from
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What does the Greek word Sophia mean?
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Love of wisdom
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philosophy began in what country?
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greece
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The first philosopher?
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Thales
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What was the first philosophers view about the nature of the world?
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The arche is water
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What were the pre socratic philosophers called?
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sophists
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line up these philosophers in order of who taught who: aristotle, socrates, Alexander the great, plato
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socrates, plato, aristotle, Alexander the great
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What is a brute fact?
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a fact that explains other facts but does not itself have an explanation.
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How do our minds connect to the world to get knowledge?
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language and logic (logos)
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What are the two major competing world views in the English speaking world today?
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The supernatural and the naturalist.
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What fundamental questions does every worldview answer?
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Where do we come from? What is real? What is good? Who is a happy person?
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what, according to Plato, is the driving motive to do philosophy?
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aporia, confusion, bewilderment, puzzlement, than love.
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What according to ARISTOTLE is the driving motive to do philosophy?
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wonder..wondering what caused that.
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What is the most basic structure of any argument?
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premises and conclusion
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What Is a syllogism?
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The most basic three sentence argument with two premises and a conclusion.
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What is a premise?
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a premise is any proposition that is evidence( support, discussion, warrant) for a conclusion or truth claim.
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What are the three main types of syllogism?
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categorical, hypothetical, disjunctive
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socrates said philosophy is training for what?
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death
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Why was socrates trial delayed?
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The ship had not yet returned from
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What did socrates try to convince Simmias and Cebes in the Phaedo?
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That the soul is immortal so they should purify their souls
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socrates third and best argument to Simmias and Cebes argues the soul is like what?
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forms or universals
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What fact does the existence of forms or universals explain?
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multiple instances of the same property
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Which of the following words would socrates say refers to a form: fast, dream, green, spiderman.
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green
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What is the name of the philosophical view that there are no forms in reality but only in our minds?
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conceptualism.
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What is the name of the philosophical view that there are no forms in reality or our minds but only in language?
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nominalism
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What is the name of the philosophical view that there are forms in reality reflected in our minds and language?
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realism
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What did aristotle say is the answer to why questions?
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causes
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What four questions do Aristotles four causes answer?
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1. what is it made of (material)
2. what kind of thing is it? (formal) 3. how did it come into being? (efficient) 4.why does it exist? ( final) |
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of Aristotles four causes what does modern science emphasize?
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material and efficient causes
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of Aristotles four causes what does pre modern science emphasize?
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formal and final causes
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What was augustines first mistaken notion about god?
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That God was physical
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What was augustine second mistaken notion about god?
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manichaeism that there are two gods one good and one equal and opposite of evil god
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What was augustines third notion about god?
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That God was immaterial ( non physical)
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What was augustines eventual conclusion about evil?
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That evil does not exist in itself. It is only a will corrupting or perverting goodness.
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