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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Plato's terminology of Sensible
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The senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch
The sensible: what you can see, hear, taste, smell, touch |
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Define Plato's terminology of Intelligible
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The intellect: reason, the capacity to grasp concepts, propositions and their logical relations
The intelligible: ideas, concepts, things that can be grasped with the mind |
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What are some intelligible things which are not sensible?
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1.) Goodness, justice, beauty
2.) May have read or seen a copy of War and Peace but have never seen War and Peace 3.) A circle, desk, cup, are not seen directly but thought of intelligibly, unless one singular object is specified. |
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Define Perception in the philosophical sense
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Either sense perception, or both sensory and intellible perception where "order and form" is attributed to sense perceptions (expecting form in rock surfaces or tree shapes, drinking orange juice while thinking of soda).
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Define schemata
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The abstract representation of sensory experience
which is "mapped onto" sensory inputs and connects them with conceptual content. (Imagining and comparing geometric concepts, this uses shemata). |
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Define concepts/ideas
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The schema connects the sensation with the concept. Your dog may have in its mind the schema of a duck, but it does not have a concept of a duck. If you conceptualize, you understand it's meaning and relationship with other concepts.
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Define allegory
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A story where meaning is conveyed by symbols/ism, and is not meant to be taken literally.
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Define Plato's concept of "eidoi"
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Things we perceive are really "shadows" of their respective "forms" or "eidoi". These provide the intelligible component of each sense-perceptible thing of its type.
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Define transitory and its opposite (with respect to Plato bro).
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Non-permanent, non-eternal. These things apply to the sensible objects we perceive, they do not live/last forever and are not eternal as the eidoi or forms. The opposite would be 'eternal'
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Define mutable and its opposite (with respect to Plato bro).
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Prone to changing and being altered. Things we perceive in the sensible world can be altered in many ways. The opposite would be 'unchanging'
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Define corrupt and its opposite (with respect to Plato bro).
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Incomplete, lacking information, depraved. Things perceived in the sensible world are missing their true form, the complete idea, as a shadow from a tree does. The opposite would be 'perfect'.
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Explain the idea of a logically necessary being.
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A being which must exist ultimately under any circumstances in this or any world. It is impossible for a logically necessary being to not exist.
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What is the cosmological argument?
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1 - The universe is a contingent thing
2 - contingent things must have a cause 3 - therefore the universe has a cause 4 - causal chains cannot go back indefinitely, and need a start 5 - therefore there was a first cause 6 - a first cause cannot cause itself so there must be a first cause 7 - this first cause cannot be contingent and must be logically necessary 8 - therefore god |
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Define the cosmic fine-tuning version of the teloelogical argument.
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1. The numerical values of the fundamental physical constants are such that intelligent life is possible.
2. The values of the physical constants are either a product of chance or of intelligent design. 3. The likelihood that a random (chance) specification of the values of the physical constants would be such that intelligent life is possible is very small (one chance in 10 raised to the power 10123 4. Therefore the likelihood that the values of the physical constants are a product of intelligent design is very high. 5. Anything that is an intelligent designer of the universe deserves to be called ‘god.’ 6. Therefore it is very likely (nearly certain) that god exists. |
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Define polytheism
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The belief in or worship of more than one god.
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Define pantheism
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A doctrine that identifies God with the universe, or regards the universe as a manifestation of God.
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Define monotheism
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The doctrine or belief that there is only one God.
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What is Gaunilo’s objection to Anselm's argument for God?
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1. The Lost Island is, by definition, the greatest island that can be thought of.
2. The lost island exists in the mind (in other words, we are capable of thinking of or imagining the lost island) 3. It is greater to exist both in the mind and in reality than to exist in the mind only. 4. Therefore a “”Lost Island” that exists only in the mind is by definition not the Lost Island. 5. Therefore the Lost Island must exist in reality |
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What is Anselm's argument for God?
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1. God is, by definition the greatest being that can be thought of.
2. God exists in the mind (in other words, we are capable of thinking of God) 3. It is greater to exist both in the mind and in reality than to exist in the mind only. 4. (Therefore a “God” that exists only in the mind is by definition not God). 5. Therefore God must exist in reality |
