Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
encode |
translating the ideas in his or her mind into verbal or nonverbal symbols that the audience can recognize. Ex: Verbal: "The fabric should be two inches square".. Gestures: showing the size with his or her hands. |
|
|
Message |
both what is said and how it is said behind the speech. |
|
|
Decode |
When a speaker has trouble finding words to convey his or her ideas or sends contradictory nonverbal symbols, resulting in the audience becoming confused. |
|
|
External Noise |
physical , such as the roar of a lawn mower or a noisy air-conditioner. The speaker is responsible for limiting external noise |
|
|
Internal Noise |
(within the audience) stems from physiological or psychological causes and may direct affect either the source pr the receiver. Audience is most responsible for limiting internal noise |
|
|
Demographic Audience Analysis |
Observable Traits: Analysis consists of two steps:▫ Identifying the general demographicfeatures of your audience▫ Gauging the importance of thosefeatures to a particular speakingsituation. CONSIDER: • Age• Sex• Religious Orientation• Sexual Orientation• Racial, ethnic, or culturalbackground
|
|
|
Psychological Audience Analysis |
• Eye contact• Facial Expressions• Restless movement• Nonverbal responsiveness• Verbal responsiveness
|
|
|
Situational Audience Analysis |
Audience size• Physical setting• Length of presentation• Audience disposition toward▫ The topic▫ The speaker▫ The occasion
|
|
|
Audience-Centered Speechmaking Model |
PAGE 9 |
|
|
General Purpose: |
To inform, to persuade, to entertain... Page 11 -- remember about entertain... |
|
|
Specific Purpose: |
a concise statement indicating what you want your listeners to be able to do when you finish your speech. A statement of your specific purpose identifies the audience response you desire. (page 11) |
|
|
Free Speech: |
It's protected by law, the right to speak freely must be balanced by the responsibility to speak ethically. |
|
|
Guidelines to ethical speaking |
- Have a Clear, Responsible Goal - Use Sound and Reasoning - Be Sensitive to and Tolerant of Differences |
|
|
Rhetorical Criticism
|
analyzes the symbolic artifacts of discourse — the words, phrases, images, gestures, performances, texts, films, etc. that people use to communicate.
|
|
|
Preparation |
As the name implies, preparation outline prepares one for his speech. It includes title of speech, introduction, body, and finally conclusions. Introduction needs to be attention grabber and must have some of your original ideas about the topic. When you move from the introduction to the body, audience must get an idea as to you are moving from introduction to the main point. The conclusion part must contain a summarization of the body and must contain a signal for the audience that the speech is coming to an end.
|
|
|
Delivery outline |
Once you have finished organizing the content of your speech, you need to be ready for delivery. This is what delivery outline does to help you. There are many methods of delivery. You can either chose to be impromptu, not prepared at all, or you can memorize the stuff. It all depends on the ambience and the audience that you are going to face. If the audience is friendly, you can deliver the speech in a friendly, relaxed manner. Extempore speeches are considered to be one of the best styles that bind the audience together. It allows one to modify the manner of speaking in between the speech according to the feedback of the audience. Whatever style of delivery you choose, try not to worry too much about the audiences thinking of their reaction is bound to make you nervous beforehand.
|
