Microbiology Test 1

Front 1

Organisms that are too small to see with the unaided eye.

Back 1

Microorganisms

Front 2

rapidly growing cell

Back 2

Germ

Front 3

"Disease causing"

Back 3

pathogenic

Front 4

Organisms can be manipulated for the _____ of mankind.

Back 4

good

Front 5

-allows humans to prevent food spoilage.
-Prevent disease occurance

Back 5

Microbes

Front 6

established the system of given each organism a genus and specific epithet.

Back 6

linnaeus

Front 7

This part of the scientific name is capitalized.

Back 7

genus

Front 8

What are the 7 types of microorganisms?

Back 8

Bacteria, Fungi, Archaea, Protozoa, Algae, Viruses, and Multicellular animal parasites

Front 9

Prokaryote and and has peptidoglycan wall. Binary Fission.

Back 9

Bacteria

Front 10

Prokaryotic, and lacks peptidoglycan.

Back 10

Archaea

Front 11

Doesnt have any organelles.

Back 11

Prokaryotic

Front 12

Has organelles and a true nucleus.

Back 12

Eukaryotic

Front 13

Archaea that love heat.

Back 13

Thermophiles

Front 14

Archaea that love salty conditions.

Back 14

halophiles

Front 15

Eukaryotes and have chitin cell walls.

Back 15

Fungi

Front 16

molds and mushrooms

Back 16

multicellular

Front 17

yeasts

Back 17

unicellular

Front 18

Eukaryotes and may be motile.

Back 18

Protozoa

Front 19

Eukaryotes and have cellulose cell walls.

Back 19

Algae

Front 20

Doesnt have any organelles.

Back 20

Prokaryotic

Front 21

Dont have a cell. Consists of DNA or RNA core.

Back 21

Viruses

Front 22

Has organelles and a true nucleus.

Back 22

Eukaryotic

Front 23

Archaea that love heat.

Back 23

Thermophiles

Front 24

Archaea that love salty conditions.

Back 24

halophiles

Front 25

Eukaryotes and have chitin cell walls.

Back 25

Fungi

Front 26

molds and mushrooms

Back 26

multicellular

Front 27

yeasts

Back 27

unicellular

Front 28

Eukaryotes and may be motile.

Back 28

Protozoa

Front 29

Eukaryotes and have cellulose cell walls.

Back 29

Algae

Front 30

Dont have a cell. Consists of DNA or RNA core.

Back 30

Viruses

Front 31

Eukaryotes and Multicellular Animals.

Back 31

Multicellular Animal Parasites

Front 32

What are the three domains when classifying microorganisms?

Back 32

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Front 33

Reported that living things were composed of little boxes or cells.

Back 33

Robert Hooke

Front 34

Said cells arise from preexisting cells.

Back 34

Rudolf Virchow

Front 35

All living things are composed of cells and come from preexisting cells.

Back 35

Cell theory

Front 36

Described live microorganisms.

Back 36

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Front 37

The hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter; a "vital force" forms life.

Back 37

Spontaneous Generation

Front 38

The hypothesis that the living organisms arise from preexisting life.

Back 38

Biogenesis

Front 39

Filled six jars with decaying meat.

Back 39

Francesco Redi

Front 40

Put boiled nutrient broth into covered flasks.

Back 40

John Needham

Front 41

Boiled Nutrients in flasks.

Back 41

Lazzaro Spallanzani

Front 42

Demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air.

Back 42

Pasteur

Front 43

_________ ________ is responsible for spoilage of food.

Back 43

Microbial Growth

Front 44

The application of a high heat for a short time.

Back 44

Pasteurization

Front 45

Doesnt kill all organisms.

Back 45

Pasteurization

Front 46

Kills all organisms.

Back 46

Steirlization

Front 47

Advocated handwashing to prevent transmitting child birth fever from one OB patient to another.

Back 47

Ignaz Semmelweis

Front 48

Used a chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical wound infections.

Back 48

Joseph Lister

Front 49

Proved that a bacterium causes anthrax and provided he experimental steps _____ ________ to prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.

Back 49

Robert Koch
Koch's postulates

Front 50

Drugs that are man-made in labs.

Back 50

Synthetic

Front 51

Drugs that come from nature

Back 51

Antibiotics

Front 52

First antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming.

Back 52

Pennicillin

Front 53

Proposed the use of immunology.

Back 53

Rebecca Lancefield

Front 54

Bacteria recycle carbon, nutrients, sulfur, and phosphorus that can be used by plants and animals.

Back 54

microbial ecology

Front 55

The use of microbes to produce food and chemicals

Back 55

Biotechnology

Front 56

Grow on rocks, pipes, teeth, and mediacal transplants.

Back 56

Biofilms

Front 57

Bird flu, MRSA, West Nile, Mad cow disease, E. Coli, and AIDS are all ______ _____ ________.

Back 57

Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Front 58

The science of classifying organisms.

Back 58

Taxonomy

Front 59

The study of the evolutionary history of organisms.

Back 59

systematics

Front 60

Selected for the organism but not the host.

Back 60

Selective Toxicity

Front 61

We dont assign ________ to kingdoms.

Back 61

Bacteria

Front 62

Viruses that attack bacteria.

Back 62

Bacterio-phage

Front 63

The ability of the lenses to distinguish two points.

Back 63

resolution

Front 64

Dark objects are visible against a bright background.

Back 64

Brightfield Illumination

Front 65

Light objects are visible against a dark background.

Back 65

Darkfield Illumination

Front 66

Detail of internal structures.

Back 66

Phase-Contrast Microscopy

Front 67

Provides three dimensional images

Back 67

Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Front 68

Uses UV light and stains cells with fluorochromes.

Back 68

fluorescence microscopy

Front 69

Doesnt use light, uses sound.

Back 69

Scanning Acoustic Microscopy

Front 70

Passes an electron through the specimen. Ultrathin.

Back 70

Transmission Electron Microscopy

Front 71

Classifies bacteria into gram-positive or gram-negative.

Back 71

Gram Stain

Front 72

Killed by pennecillin and detergents.

Back 72

Gram-positive

Front 73

Stains Purple.

Back 73

Gram-positive

Front 74

Stains pink/red.

Back 74

Gram-Negative

Front 75

Something bacteria may possess that allows it to survive a harsh condition.

Back 75

endospore

Front 76

Have to use a ___________ in flagella staining. This makes it bigger.

Back 76

Mordant

Front 77

What are the three basic shapes of cells?

Back 77

Bacillus, spiral, and coccus

Front 78

Extracellular polysaccharide allows cell to attach.

Back 78

glycocalyx

Front 79

Rotate Flagella.
Move toward or away from stimuli.
'Taxis"

Back 79

Motile Cells

Front 80

Gram negatives have ___ membranes.

Back 80

2

Front 81

Gram __________ possess LPS.

Back 81

Negative

Front 82

Lipopolyssacharides are ________.

Back 82

toxins

Front 83

A wall-less cell.

Back 83

protoplast

Front 84

Membrane is as viscious as olive oil.
Proteins move to function.

Back 84

Fluid Mosaic Model

Front 85

Allows passage of SOME molecules in the plasma membrane.

Back 85

Selective Permeability

Front 86

A protein gets its ______ from its _______.

Back 86

Function; shape

Front 87

Requires a transporter protein and ATP.
Requires energy.

Back 87

Active Transport

Front 88

Requires a transporter protein and PEP.
"Piggy backing into cell"

Back 88

Group Translocation

Front 89

Site of protein synthesis.
Free in cytoplasm.

Back 89

Ribosomes