Microbiology Study Guide Will Find Out

Front 1

What compound has the highest concentration in a cell

Back 1

Water (h2o)

Front 2

What is most of the dry weight of a microbial cell from

Back 2

Organic compounds

Front 3

The activation of a prophage is called

Back 3

Induction

Front 4

An important mineral ion that is a component of chloroplasts and stabilizer of membranes and ribosomes is known as

Back 4

Magnesium

Front 5

What are organisms called that feed on dead organisms for nutrients

Back 5

Saprobes

Front 6

The term photoheterotrophs refers to an organism that

Back 6

Gets energy from sunlight

Front 7

A bacteriophage transfers DNA of the previous host to the current host. This is an example of

Back 7

Generalized transduction

Front 8

Metabolic pathways that regenerate their starting point are called _______pathways

Back 8

Cyclic

Front 9

When the product of reaction A becomes the reactant of reaction B, the metabolic pathway is

Back 9

Linear

Front 10

In the cell, energy released by electrons is often used to phosphorylate

Back 10

ADP

Front 11

Each nucleotide is composed of

Back 11

One phosphate, one nitrogenous base and one sugar

Front 12

The duplication of a cell's DNA is called

Back 12

replication

Front 13

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have

Back 13

elongated, not circular, chromosomes, histone proteins, chromosomes in a nucleus, several to many chromosomes

Front 14

Which statement is correct regarding glycolysis

Back 14

uses 2 ATP's, produces 4 ATP's without using oxygen

Front 15

Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient flow

Back 15

Formation of oxygen by an oxygenic photosynthesis

Front 16

What is incorrect about purines

Back 16

Only found in DNA, not RNA

Front 17

The movement of substances from lower to higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier and cell expenditure of energy is called

Back 17

Active transport

Front 18

What is an example of aerobic respiration

Back 18

chemoheterotrophy

Front 19

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a (n)

Back 19

Antigen

Front 20

Acquired specific immunity involves the responses of

Back 20

B and T lymphocytes

Front 21

The progeny cells of a B-cell clone are called

Back 21

Plasma Cells

Front 22

What do T cells do ?

Back 22

Activate B cells and other T cells

Front 23

What do plasma cells do ?

Back 23

Secrete antibodies

Front 24

Class 1 MHC gene code

Back 24

All HLA antigens

Front 25

MHC molecules are found on each of the following cells EXCEPT

Back 25

Red Blood Cells

Front 26

The molecular fragment on a antigen molecule that a lymphocyte recognizes and responds to is called a(n)

Back 26

Antigen bonding site

Front 27

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed

Back 27

Hapten

Front 28

Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called

Back 28

Allergens

Front 29

Antigen-presenting cells

Back 29

Include dendritic cells , Include macrophages , Engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic , Hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface

Front 30

Which is mismatched

Back 30

Hay fever - type IV hypersensitivity

Front 31

Any heightened or inappropriate immune response resulting in tissue damage is called a(n)

Back 31

Hypersensitivity

Front 32

Atopy and anaphylaxis are hyper-sensitivities in the category of

Back 32

Type 1 only

Front 33

Fungal spores and animal dander are considered to be which type of allergen

Back 33

Inhalant

Front 34

The initial encounter with an allergen is called the

Back 34

Sensitizing dose

Front 35

A second encounter with an allergen that causes a response is called the

Back 35

Provocative dose

Front 36

Which event is the process of releasing chemical mediators

Back 36

Degranulation

Front 37

Which of the following is not a possible symptom of type I hypersensitivity

Back 37

Contact dermatitis

Front 38

The chemical mediator that causes prolonged bronchospasm, a vascular permeability, and mucous secretion of asthmatic patients is

Back 38

Leukotriene

Front 39

Allergic reactions to penicillins are considered a ________ hypersensitivity

Back 39

Immediate

Front 40

A systemic, sometimes fatal reaction with airway obstruction and circulatory collapse is

Back 40

Systemic anaphylactic

Front 41

Allergic patients receive small controlled injections of specific allergens are undergoing

Back 41

Desensitization

Front 42

Which of the following is not a phenotypic method of identification

Back 42

antibody response

Front 43

Biochemical tests include all of the following except

Back 43

presence of oxidase

Front 44

specimen collection

Back 44

must utilize aseptic technique

Front 45

Each of the following are appropriate specimens for bacterial culture except

Back 45

hair

Front 46

What sample is not typically collected by sterile needle application

Back 46

urine

Front 47

urine and fecal specimens require

Back 47

both incubation in differential media and incubation in selective media

Front 48

Phage typing is useful in identifying

Back 48

Salmonella

Front 49

Which test is especially good for bacteria that are not readily cultivated in the lab

Back 49

Direct fluorescence antibody (DFA) testing

Front 50

Which of the following is involved in the in vitro diagnostic testing of serum

Back 50

serology

Front 51

What does a serum titer involve

Back 51

Determine the highest dilution of serum that produces a visible reaction

Front 52

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that

Back 52

The patient has been exposed to tuberculosis

Front 53

Titer is the amount of

Back 53

antibody in the serum

Front 54

Antibody testing requires

Back 54

A known antigen

Front 55

What type of test will detect whole antigens

Back 55

Agglutination

Front 56

How can syphilis be diagnosed

Back 56

Rapid plasma reagin test

Front 57

The integument includes all of the following

Back 57

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands

Front 58

Blood vessels are found in the

Back 58

dermis and subcutaneous layer

Front 59

Protective features of the skin include

Back 59

keratinized surface, resident biota, antimicrobial peptides, lysozyme

Front 60

What material in skin cells provides protection from abrasions, water damage, and microorganism entry

Back 60

keratin

Front 61

All species of Staphylococus

Back 61

lack spores, are motile, have capsules, produce coagulase

Front 62

The enzyme that coagulates plasma is

Back 62

Coagulase

Front 63

All Staphylococci can be differentiated from all Streptococci because Staphylococci produce the enzyme_____ that is easily detected in the lab

Back 63

Catalase

Front 64

Which of the following is the most common form of microbe transmission is impetigo

Back 64

Direct contact

Front 65

MRSAs are Staphylococcus aureus strains that are

Back 65

Resistant to penicillin derivatives

Front 66

Streptococcus pyogenes causes all of the following except

Back 66

scaled skin syndrome

Front 67

Which of the following is not true of cellulitis

Back 67

Lymphangitis may occur