Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 3 kingdoms of life? |
Eubacteria (Prokaryotes) Archaebacteria Eukaryotes |
|
|
What are 3 organisms that are classified as Eubacteria (Prokaryotes)? |
1. E-Coli 2. Bacillus 3.Cyanobacteria |
|
|
What are 3 organisms that are classified as Archaebacteria? |
1. Thermofilum 2. Methanobacterium 3. Methanococcus |
|
|
What are 3 organisms that are classified as Eukaryotes?
|
1. Humans 2.Yeast 3. Paramecium |
|
|
Eubacteria have which type of cell walls? |
Peptidoglycan |
|
|
How do Eubacteria reproduce? |
Binary Fission |
|
|
___________ utilize organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, or photosynthesis. |
Eubacteria |
|
|
Archaebacteria are similar to prokaryotic (eubacteria) because: |
They have a similar metabolism: -organic chemicals -inorganic chemicals -photosynthesis |
|
|
Archaebacteria are similar to eukaryotes becauseL |
They share a similar genetic process/binary fission |
|
|
Unlike eubacteria, archaebacteria lack _______. |
Peptidoglycan |
|
|
Archaebacteria can survive in ________ |
extreme environments |
|
|
Archaebateria include: (3) |
1. Methanogens 2. Extreme halophiles 3. Extreme thermophiles |
|
|
Eukaryotes include: (4) |
1. Fungi 2. Protozoa 3. Algae 4. Viruses |
|
|
This organism has internal membranes (nuclei), its cell walls are made of chitin, they use organic chemicals for energy, and can be both multi-cellular and uni-cellular |
Fungi |
|
|
_____ and ______ are examples of multi-cellular fungi. |
Molds and mushrooms |
|
|
_______ are unicellular fungi. |
Yeasts |
|
|
These eukaryotic organisms absorb or ingest organic chemicals, and may be motile. |
Protozoa |
|
|
What structures allow an organism to move? |
1. Pseudopods 2. Cilia 3. Flagella |
|
|
These eukaryotic organisms have cellulosic cell walls, use photosynthesis for energy, and produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds.. |
Algae |
|
|
These acellular organisms consist of a DNA or RNA core surrounded by a protein coat, and are only replicated when they are in a living host cell. |
Viruses |
|
|
Describe the structure of a virus's core.
|
Core made of DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat, which may be enclosed in a lipid envelope. |
|
|
A Helminth is an example of _______. |
Parasitic flatworms and round worms (multicellular animal parasites) |
|
|
The first developer and user of the microscope was ___________. |
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek |
|
|
The scientists to disprove the theory of "spontaneous generation" was _________. How did he do this? |
Pastuer- He used an S-shaped flask to keep microbes out, but air in. |
|
|
The application of a high heat for a short time to kill food-borne microbes is called: ________. |
Pasteurization |
|
|
What is the Germ theory of disease? |
The concept that sickness and disease could be transmitted by an invisible pathogenic microorganism. |
|
|
Who established protocols to identify disease-causing germs? |
R. Koch |
|
|
Who was the first to describe antiseptic surgical practices? |
J. Lister |
|
|
Who developed microbial staining techniques? |
C. Gram |
|
|
A systematic method of naming organisms is _____. |
Nomenclature |
|
|
A hierarchical classification of microorganisms is ______. |
Microbial taxonomy |
|
|
List the other of modern taxonomy (from broad to narrow) |
Domain, kingdom, phylum, subphylum, class, cohort, order, suborder, infraorder, superfamily, family, genus, species |
|
|
Scientific nomenclature consists of:
|
Genus + Species |
|
|
The essential cellular components of a bacteria include: |
1. Plasma membrane 2. Cytoplasm, ribosomes, inclusion bodies 3. Nucleoid 4. Cell wall 5. Capsule, Slime layer, S-layer 6. Pili & Fimbriae 7. Flagella |
|
|
70% of bacterial membranes are made up of _______ |
Phospholipids (phosphotidylethanolamine) |
|
|
The cytoplasm of a cell includes _______. |
1. Water (70%) 2. Proteins, Enzymes, Organic Metabolites, Granules, or Polymeric "Inclusion Bodies" 3. Gas Vacuoles 4. Ribosomes 5. DNA Chromosomes & Plasmids 6. Cytoskeleton |
|
|
The nucleoid is made up of _______. |
Supercoiled DNA |
|
|
A bacterial cell wall is composed of __________. |
Proteoglycan cross-linked "peptide-sugar" polymers |
|
|
The difference between gram-positive and gram-negative cells is: |
Gram-positive cell walls contain a thick layer of peptidoglycan that encircles the cell, whereas Gram-negative cell walls contain a thin layer of peptidoglycan between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane |
