Microbiology Lecture 4 Bacterial Metabolism Bullet Points

Front 1

Transformation

Back 1

1. Bacteria must be competent

2. Bacteria Grab DNA from Enviro.

3. DNA is converted 2 Single Strand upon import.

4. If DNA very Foreign= Degraded

4a. DNA Very Similar= Integrated via Homologous Recombo.

Front 2

Transduction

Back 2

1. Phage Injects ViralDNA into host bacteria

2. Viral Proteins cut bacterial genome 2 pieces

3. Virus replicates, packages viralDNA into viral proteins, but bacterial DNA is also packaged.

4. Transducing Phage injects new Bac with old bad DNA

5. new DNA integrated via Homologous Recombo

Front 3

Conjugation

Back 3

Donor F+ makes contact W recipient F- via pilus

Pulis contracts Brings cells closer

F Plasmid is Cut on 1 strand

Single Stranded F plasmid trans. to recipient

Dbl Stranded F Plasmid is Syn. in both cells.

Front 4

Since Plasmid isn't stably integrated into the genome

Back 4

Plasmids use selfish genes "toxin/anti-toxin" systems to make sure they are kept around

Front 5

F Plasmid Selfish Gene toxin is

Back 5

ccdB

Front 6

F Plasmid Selfish Gene antitoxin is

Back 6

ccdA

Front 7

ccdB Does what

Back 7

stops Gyrase from working. Shuts down DNA Replication. This Alone you die

Front 8

ccdA Does what

Back 8

Binds to the Toxin and prevents it from binding to Gyrase. This alone you live

Front 9

ccdB has a life

Back 9

of 6 hours. Very Stable Degrades Last

Front 10

ccdA has a life of

Back 10

30 mins. Very Unstable Degrades 1st

Front 11

if cell kicks out plasmid then

Back 11

there is no A to counter act B. B goes find Gyrase and kills the cell.

Front 12

in Hfr the plasmid

Back 12

is incorporated into the Genome

Front 13

Hfr Transfer new cell is

Back 13

still F-, because time runs out during division.

Front 14

Plasmids are very similar to

Back 14

Parasites to bacteria and they may/may not confer an advantage

Front 15

Hfr Transfer Steps

Back 15

1.F+ cell has F plasmid integrated n2 genome

(Hfr can still make a pilus and trans DNA)

2. Part of Hfr is Transferred to new cell during conjugation

3.recepient remains F- as entire chromosome not transferred

Front 16

Plasmids Reproduce

Back 16

Autonomously, without coordinating with cell replication.

Front 17

Is energy produced during metabolism

Back 17

Hell NO!

Front 18

ATP made during Catabolism is used in

Back 18

Anabolism; Energy Coupling

Front 19

Exergonic

Back 19

Reactants have more energy than products;

Catabolic Rxn's

Front 20

Endergonic

Back 20

Products have more energy than Reactants

Anabolic Rxns's

Front 21

Energy released from

Back 21

Exergonic is used in endergonic

Front 22

ATP is energetically charged due to

Back 22

negative repulsions between phosphate groups

Front 23

ETC in Bacteria is located in the

Back 23

Cell Membrane

Front 24

in Prokaryotes Glycolysis and TCA Occur

Back 24

in cytoplasm

Front 25

In Prokaryotes Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in

Back 25

Cell Membrane

Front 26

Glycolysis input

Back 26

glucose and 2 ATP

Front 27

Glycolysis Output

Back 27

2 pyruvate, 4 ATP and 2 NADH's

Front 28

Oxidation of Pyruvate input

Back 28

2 Pyruvate (per glucose molecule)

Front 29

Oxidation of Pyruvate output

Back 29

2 Acetyl CoA

2 NADH

2 CO2

All per molecule of Glucose

Front 30

TCA input

Back 30

2 Acetyl CoA (per glucose molecule)

Front 31

TCA Output

Back 31

6 NADH

2FADH

2CO2

Per Glucose molecule

Front 32

TCA spins

Back 32

2 times per glucose molecule

Front 33

ETC is driven by

Back 33

NADH and FADH2

Front 34

1 NADH Produces how many ATP

Back 34

3

Front 35

1 FADH Produces how many ATP

Back 35

2

Front 36

Total Production of all Parts

Back 36

10 NADH, 2 FADH's and 2 net ATP

for 36 Total ATP Per Glucose molecule

Front 37

Nucleotide precursor for DNA or RNA

Back 37

Ribose 5 Phosphate

Front 38

Translation rate.....

Back 38

Does not change with growth rate.

It doesn't matter how many immigrants come into INS....Secretaries aren't gonna work (translate) any faster. =P