Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the main fcns in adaptive immune response and pathogens taret for CD8 cytotoxic T cells?
|
1) kill virus infected cells
2) pathogens targeted: viruses, some intracellular bacteria |
|
|
CD4 TH1 cells?
|
through IL2, activated infect macrophages. provide help to B cells for antibody production.
Pathogens targets: microbes that persist in macrophage vesicles, extracellular bacteria |
|
|
CD4 TH2 cells?
|
via IL4, provide help to B cells for antibody production, especially switching to IgE.
Pathogens targeted: helminth parasites |
|
|
CD4 TH17 cellls
|
through IL-1Beta, enhance neutrophil response;
pathogens targeted: extracellular bacteria |
|
|
CD4 regulatory T cells?
|
through IL-2/TGFbeta, suppress T cell responses
|
|
|
How APC cells and T cells interact?
|
APC (especially DCs) directs type of T cell response by the cytokines they produce in response to activation.
|
|
|
What are B cells designed to differentiate into?
|
Antibody secreting cells (or plasma cells). Antibodies function in either neutralization, opsonization, or complement activation
|
|
|
What does T cell dependent B cell stimulation lead to?
|
T cell-dependent B cell stimulation leads to the formation of germinal centers (GC), where rapid B cell proliferation, isotype switching, somatic hypermutation occur. Differentiated plasma cells leave the GC to produce antibody in lymphoid organ, or migrate to bone marrow as “long lived” plasma cell.
|
|
|
What is required for B cell activation by thymus-dependent or thymus-independent antigens?
|
Need 2nd signals.
TD: these antigens promote full adaptive response leading to memory TI: antigen carries ligand for PRR; these antigens lead to rapid antibody responses but no immunological memory |
|
|
What cytokines can activated B cells produce?
|
B cells from inflammatory disease pts may secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1Beta and IL-8.
|
|
|
How does immune system ensure that B cell and T cell recognize the same pathogen?
|
Linked recognition: B cells and CD4+ T cells must recognize epitopes from the same molecular complex in order to interact
|
