Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is croup?
|
this is a syndrome of fever, hoarsness, and barking cough in kids from 6-18months old
|
|
|
What causes croup?
|
a laryngotrecheobronchitis, from URT infection, causes constriction of the trachea below vocal cords due to larynegal edema.
|
|
|
What are the 3 causative agents of croup, in descending order or prevalence?
|
PIV 1 > PIV 2 >> RSV
|
|
|
What is the agent name of the parainfluenza virus?
|
paramyxovirus
|
|
|
what is the genetic material of paramyxovirus?
|
NONSEGMENTED negative sense ssRNA
|
|
|
What are the external features of paramyxovirus?
|
Virion is enveloped, and has protein spikes present
has H/N |
|
|
What does the F protein of paramyxovirus do?
|
this is the novel fusion protein, causes syncytia formation
|
|
|
Where in the body does PIV live?
|
the upper respiratory tract
especially nasal turbinates and ciliated epithelium |
|
|
how long is the incubation period of PIV?
|
2-6 days
|
|
|
What are the symptoms of PIV?
|
harsh cough, rhinitis, sore throat, SOB
|
|
|
What is the SIGNAL ILLNESS for PIV?
|
Coupe (in 2-3% of total PIV infections)
|
|
|
What types of PIV cause croup?
|
type 1 and type 2
|
|
|
How does PIV present in adults?
|
typically a nonspecific URT infection
|
|
|
Who is vulnerable to severe PIV?
|
immunocompromised kids and adults
|
|
|
What are the two complications of PIV?
|
otitis media, parotitis
|
|
|
When is PIV most common?
|
in the Fall- Winter
|
|
|
do you get lifelong immunity to PIV after infection?
|
nope sure dont
|
|
|
How do you diagnose PIV?
|
direct isolation from nasal wash or throat swab.
direct FAB/ RT -PCR on cels |
|
|
How do you treat PIV?
|
supportive, no vaccines
|
|
|
What does RSV cause?
|
lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children
ALSO- fatal acute respiratory infections! |
|
|
What is RSV marked for?
|
its tendency to create syncytia in tissue cultures
|
|
|
what are RSV's genes like?
|
negative sense, single strand RNA helical, enveloped.
|
|
|
does RSV have H/N activity?
|
NO- different than PIV which does!
|
|
|
What do RSV's G/F proteins do?
|
G is attachment
F is fusion (PIV has this one too) |
|
|
What subtype of RSV is most common/deadly?
|
subtype A (in reference to the G attachment protein)
|
|
|
What does RSV do to older children and adults?
|
URT infection, just like common cold
|
|
|
What does RSV do to infants?
|
bronchiolitis and or pneumonia, and sometimes croup.
|
|
|
What are the clinical signs of RSV infection in infants?
|
excess mucus production, narrowing and plugging of bronchi/bronchioles
-fever, cough, dyspena, tachypena, cyanosis |
|
|
Who gets RSV most often?
|
young children, @ day care
|
|
|
How is RSV spread?
|
fomites, direct contact, and respiratory route
|
|
|
When is RSV most common?
|
expect annual epidemics each winter (adults get reinfected)
|
|
|
RSV diagnosis?
|
time of year, presentation
Viral antigen detection 4 fold increase in anitbody titer (acute/ convalescent sera, 2-3 weeks apart) |
|
|
RSV treatment? (3 kinds)
|
supportive
Ribavirin if severe case Passive immunization for premature infants |
