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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whoproposed the concept of chemotherapy, that compounds might selectively killpathogens without harming people? |
paul ehrlich "magic bullets" |
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Anantimicrobial that inhibits cell wall synthesis will result in which of thefollowing? |
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Beta-lactamantibiotics have an effect on which of the following types of cells? |
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Whichof the following is a primary advantage of semisynthetic drugs? |
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Whichof the following antibiotics disrupts cytoplasmic membrane function? |
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Whichof the following groups of drugs can become incorporated into the bones andteeth of a fetus? |
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Acompound is extracted from a microbial culture and is modified in thelaboratory for use as an oral medication. This product would be a(n) |
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Adrug is structurally similar to PABA and inhibits folic acid synthesis. It ismost likely a(n) |
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The cooperative activity of drugs such as beta-lactam antibiotics andclavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor, is known as |
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Who discovered the first antibiotic widely available to the generalpublic? |
alexander fleming, PCN
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Infectionof the ________ would be the hardest to treat with antimicrobial drugs. |
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Drug-resistantpopulations of microbes arise when |
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Chemicals that affect physiology in any manner (caffeine,
alcohol, tobacco |
DRUGS
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CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS |
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antimicrobial agents |
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biologically produced agents, antibacterial agents |
antibiotics |
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from fugus or bacteria |
natural antibiotics |
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semi synthetics. semisynthetic antibiotics
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syntetics/ synthetic antimicrobials |
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selective toxicity
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why so few antiviral drugs |
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why are there fewer drugs to treat eukaryotic infections? |
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why do antibacterial drugs constitute the largest number and diversity of antimicrobial angents? |
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mechanisms of actions of microbial drugs...
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-inhibition of protein synthesis -discruption of cytoplasmic membrane -inhibition of general metabolic pathway -inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis -Inhibition of pathogen's attachment to, or regcognition of, host |
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PCN vancomycin cephalosporins bacitracin isoniazid ethambutol echinocandins (antifungals) |
inhibition of cell wall synthesis |
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beta lactams bind to enzymes that crosslink NAM subunits
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BETA LACTAMS ARE MOST PROMINENT IN BACTERIAL ________ ________ INHIBITION.
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cell wall |
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why use semi synthetic beta lactams?
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mechanism of vancomycin |
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mechanism of bacitracin |
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mechanism of isoniazid |
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eukaryotic ribosomes |
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mictochondria of animals and humans contain ______ ribosomes. |
70s |
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they disrupt _______________ membranes |
ergosterol cytoplasmic |
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viral uncoating |
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heavy metals |
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metabolic antacgonists- sulfanilamide for PABA |
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PABA |
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drugs that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis |
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drugs that inhibit cytoplasmic membranes |
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drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
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nucleotide analogs most often used with _________ infections. |
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nucleotid analogs |
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reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
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narrow spectrum drugs |
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broad spectrum drugs |
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examples of broad spectrum drugs |
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examples of narrow spectrum drugs |
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Kirby Bauer test |
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minimum inhibitory concentration test |
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minimum bactericidal concentration test |
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side effect of tetracyclines? |
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side effects of anti protozoan drugs? |
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two ways microbes aquire antimicrobial resistance?
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cross resisstance |
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4 ways of retarding antimicrobial resistance....
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how does penicillium escape the effects of the penicillin in secretes? |
penicillin is effective against bacteria only. |
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AIDS is treated with several drugs at once. Why is a cocktail more effective than a single agent. |
the synergistic effects of the different mechanisms of action are more effective |
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your pregnant neighbor has a sore throat and tells you that she is taking some tetracycline she had left over from previous infection. give two reasons why her decision is a poor one.
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