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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the characteristics of viruses?
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no metablolism nor response to stimuli yes evolve yes multiply (always inside other organism) |
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How do viruses exist in extracellular and intracellular condition?
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Virion- extracellular state nucleic acid- intracellularly |
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_________- has protein coat (capsid) surrounding ___________.
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nucleocapsid |
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what is the genetic material in viruses
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what are the hosts of viruses |
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what is the size range of virions? |
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define capsid, capsomere, nucleocapsid... |
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what are the 3 basic shapes of viruses |
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what are bacteriophages...
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what term describes a non enveloped virus... |
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how do the viruses acquire envelope and what is the composition of envelope? |
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What is ICTV and what is its function? |
the internation committee on taxonomy of viruses |
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what are the stages of lytic replication and why it is called lytic replication. |
attachment, entry, synthesis, assembly, release
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sketch and label lytic replication cycle |
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are viruses motile? how do viruses find the bacterium? |
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burst time = _____ minutes? |
25 |
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burst size = _______ virions? |
100 |
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what is the role of lysozyme in lytic replication |
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what is lysocgeny |
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what are temperate phages, lysogenic phages and prophage... |
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lysogenic phages can change the phenotype of bacterium, (from harmless to pathogenic). what is this process called |
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what is induction? what causes induction? |
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how is lysogenic cycle different from lytic cycle? |
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what are the 5 stages of replication of animal viruses?
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same basic replication pathway as bacteriophages |
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animal viruses have no tails or tail fibers. how do they attach?
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membrane fusion endocytosis |
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DNA viruses typically enter the nucleus, whereas most RNA viruses are replicated in the cytoplasm.. explain? |
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_____ viruses often enter the nucleus ____ viruses often replicate in the cytoplasm |
RNA |
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dna VIRUSES TYPICALLY ENTER THE NUCLEUS, WHEREAS MOST rna VIRUSES ARE REPLICATED IN THE CYTOPLASM. EXPLAIN....
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why do enveloped viruses cause persistent infectinos?
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given that RNA cannot be incorporated directly into chromosomal DNA, how does RNA of HIV incorporated into the DNA of its host cell?
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what are oncogenes? how are they activated?
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what are the cancers caused by viruses? what percentage of cancers are caused by viruses |
Burkitt's lymphoma Hodgkin's disease Kaposi's sarcoma Cervical cancer 20-25% |
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what are the different way to grow/culture viruses? |
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why are embryonated chicken eggs used to culture viruses? |
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When they give certain vaccines why do they ask if a person is allergic to eggs?
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are viruses alive?
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What are viroids and prions?
How are they different from viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotes? |
viriods= circular pieces of RNA lack capsid Prions= proteinaceous infectious agents cellular Prp protein: a-helixes prion PrP: disease causing b-helizes |
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BSE=? |
BSE
= madcow |
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prions are only destroyed by ___________ or ______________.
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autoclaving |
