Microbiology Chapter 9

Front 1

Disinfection

Back 1

Physical process or a chemical agent to destroy vegetative pathogens but not bacterial endoscopes. Removes harmful products of microorganisms

Front 2

Sterilization

Back 2

Process that destroys or removes all viable microorganisms (including viruses)

Front 3

Antisepsis/Degermetion

Back 3

Reduces the number of microbes on the human skin. A form of decontamination but on living issues.

Front 4

Decontamination/Sanitization

Back 4

Cleansing technique that mechanically removes microorganisms as well as other debris to reduce contamination to safe levels.

Front 5

"-STATIC"

Back 5

means to "stand still, to decrease growth"

Front 6

"-CIDAL"

Back 6

means "having the capacity to kill"

Front 7

Microbial Death

Back 7

Is permanent termination of an organism's viral. Process microorganisms can no longer reproduce

Front 8

Cell Wall

Back 8

Chemical agents can damage he cell wall by:

1. Blocking its synthesis.

2. Digesting the cell wall.

Front 9

Cell Membrane

Back 9

Agents physically bind to lipid layers of the cell membranes, opening up the cell membrane and allowing injurious chemicals to enter the cell and important ions to exit the cell.

Front 10

Cellular Synthesis

Back 10

Agents can interrupt the synthesis of proteins via the ribosomes, inhibiting proteins needed for growth and metabolism and preventing multiplication. Agents can change genetic codes. (Mutation)

Front 11

Proteins

Back 11

Some agents are capable of denaturing proteins (breaking of protein bonds, which results in breakdown of the protein structure). Agents may attach to he active site of a protein, preventing it from interacting with its chemical substrate.

Front 12

Moist Heat

Back 12

Hot water, boiling water, or steam

Between 60 C and 135 C

Front 13

Pasteurization

Back 13

is a technique in which heat is applied to liquids to kill potential agents of infections and spoilage, while at the same time retaining the liquids flavor and food value.

Front 14

Autoclave - Steam Under Pressure

Back 14

Microbial effect is the coagulation and denaturation of proteins.

Pressure combination is 15 PSI and 121 C

Front 15

Ioninzing Radiation

Back 15

Highly effective alternative for sterilizing materials that are sensitive to heat or chemicals.

Front 16

Nonionizing Radiation

Back 16

Process that destroys fungal cells and spores, bacterial vegetative cells, protozoa, and viruses.

Front 17

Filtration

Back 17

is an effective method to remove microbes from air and liquids. Fluid is strained through a filter with openings large enough for the fluid to pass, too small for microbes.

Front 18

Thermal Death Time (TDT)

Back 18

Shortest length of time required to kill all test microbes at a specified temperature.

Front 19

Thermal Death Point (TDP)

Back 19

The lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a sample in 10 minutes.

Front 20

Hydrogen Peroxide

Back 20

Kills spores and all other microbes.

Colorless, caustic liquid.

Oxygen forms free radicals (-OH), which are highly toxic and reactive to cells.

Front 21

Alcohol

Back 21

Most bacteria, viruses, fungi.

Colorless.

Concentrations of 50% and higher dissolve membrane lipids, disrupt cell surface tension and compromise membrane integrity.

Front 22

Recommended Alcohol Concentration

Back 22

70% to 95% solutions.