Microbiology Chapter 6B

Front 1

fatty acids

Back 1

building blocks of lipids
 saturated fatty acids- contain only single bonds between all carbon atoms
 monounsaturated fatty acid- 1 double bond in the carbon chain
 polyunsaturated fatty acid- contains 2+ double bonds
 essential fatty acids- not constituted in biochemistry and must be supplied by diet

Front 2

triglycerides

Back 2

composed of glycerol backbone with three fatty acids

Front 3

phospholipids

Back 3

contain glycerol, fatty acids, a phosphate group, and an alcohol

Front 4

lipid bilayer

Back 4

structure of cell membranes, two rows of phospholipids arranged tail to tail

Front 5

fatty acids

Back 5

building blocks of lipids
 saturated fatty acids- contain only single bonds between all carbon atoms
 monounsaturated fatty acid- 1 double bond in the carbon chain
 polyunsaturated fatty acid- contains 2+ double bonds
 essential fatty acids- not constituted in biochemistry and must be supplied by diet

Front 6

triglycerides

Back 6

composed of glycerol backbone with three fatty acids

Front 7

phospholipids

Back 7

contain glycerol, fatty acids, a phosphate group, and an alcohol

Front 8

lipid bilayer

Back 8

structure of cell membranes, two rows of phospholipids arranged tail to tail

Front 9

proteins

Back 9

containing strings of amino acids, from 2 to as many as 5000 amino acids in a protein

Front 10

amino acids

Back 10

building blocks for proteins, 23 in all
o The actual number of proteins produced by an organism and the amino acid sequence of those proteins are determined by genes present on the organisms chromosome.

Front 11

peptide bond

Back 11

covalent bond linking amino acids to make a protein.

Front 12

dipeptide

Back 12

2 amino acids

Front 13

tripeptide

Back 13

3 amino acids

Front 14

polypeptide

Back 14

more than 3 amino acids

Front 15

enzymes

Back 15

protein molecules that act as biological catalysts, very specific, a particular enzyme can only catalyze one particular chemical reaction

Front 16

catalysts

Back 16

speeds up chemical reactions

Front 17

nucleic acid

Back 17

DNA and RNA
o DNA makes up the major portion of chromosomes, containing genes and genetic code. The information in DNA must flow to cell to function properly and this is accomplished through RNA.
o Genetic code is combination of four compounds that spell out instructions for particular genetic product.
o Nuceotide bases for DNA, “A” is for Adenine, “G” is for Guanine, “C” is for Cytosine, and “T” is for Thymine.