Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How do atoms bind together? |
Covalent bonds, Ionic bonds, and Hydrogen bonds |
|
|
Covalent bonds |
Atoms share electrons, although not always equally (polarity) |
|
|
Ionic bonds |
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
|
|
Ionization |
Ionic bonds are broken and the atoms dissociate into unattached, charged particles (ions) |
|
|
Electrolytes |
Salts, acids, and bases that release ions when dissolved in water. |
|
|
Hydrogen bond |
Weak bond that forms between a hydrogen covalently bonded to a molecule (also with O and N) |
|
|
Van Der Waals forces |
Weak attractions that occur between molecules that demonstrate low levels of polarity. |
|
|
Biochemicals |
Organic compounds produced by living things and include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids |
|
|
Functional groups |
Special molecular groups that bind to organic molecules and determine the characteristics of a molecule. |
|
|
Carbohydrate |
Combinations of carbon and water. The exist in saccharides (sugar) like mono-(3-7 carbons), di-, and poly- |
|
|
Glycosidic bonds |
Carbons on sugar units are bonded to the same oxygen atom to create links. |
|
|
Dehydration synthesis |
A process common to polymerization reactions where a water molecule is produced. |
|
|
Glycocalyx |
Functions in attachment to other cells or as a receptor site on the outer surface of cells. |
|
|
Hydrolysis |
A water molecule is required to break a bond |
|
|
Lipids |
A variety of substances that are not soluble in polar solvents |
|
|
Triglycerides |
Fats and oils that are storage lipids |
|
|
Glycerol |
3-C alcohol with 3 OH groups that serve as binding sites for fatty acids. It composes triglycerides. |
|
|
Phospholipids |
Structural component of cell membranes. Have only 2 fatty acids and a hydrophilic phosphate group |
|
|
Nucleotides |
Polymers of repeating units with a N base, and pentose sugar, and phosphate. |
