Microbiology Ch 4

Front 1

Binary Fission

Back 1

Prokaryotic cell division

Front 2

Biofilm

Back 2

Polysaccharide encased community of microorganisms

Front 3

Bioremediation

Back 3

Process that uses microorganisms to degrade harmful chemicals

Front 4

Pure Culture

Back 4

population of cells derived from a single cell

Front 5

Aseptic technique

Back 5

They way that pure cultures are obtained

Front 6

Agar

Back 6

complex polysaccharide marine red algae extract

Front 7

Inoculation

Back 7

producing a culture

Front 8

culture

Back 8

a visible accumulation of microorganisms on a medium

Front 9

Incubation

Back 9

grow cultured microbes at optimum growth temperatures

Front 10

Isolation and Cultivation

Back 10

Methods of isolation to separate individual cells that can grow into colonies

Front 11

Insepction

Back 11

cultures examined and evaluated microscopically and macroscopically

Front 12

Identification

Back 12

Utilizes relevant morphological characteristics from inspection and additional staining reactions and tests

Front 13

Streak plate method

Back 13

Simplest and most commonly used in bacterial isolation

Front 14

Spread Plate

Back 14

spread inoculum of .1-1 ml over medium surface with glass rod

Front 15

Pour plate

Back 15

.1-1.0 ml of diluted inoculum is transferred to a sterile petri dish and mixed with melted nutrient agar

Front 16

Lag phase

Back 16

number of cells does not increase

Front 17

Log Phase

Back 17

Period of exponential growth

Front 18

Stationary Phase

Back 18

Overall population remains relatively stable

Front 19

Death phase

Back 19

Total number of viable cells decreases

Front 20

Phychroophile

Back 20

-5 to 15 C

Front 21

Psychrotroph

Back 21

20 to 30 C

Front 22

Mesophile

Back 22

25 to 45 C

Front 23

Thermophile

Back 23

45 to 70 C

Front 24

Hyperthermophile

Back 24

70 to 110 C

Front 25

Obligate Aerobes

Back 25

absolute requirement for oxygen

Front 26

Obligate Anaerobes

Back 26

Do not require oxygen and are poisoned by O2

Front 27

Facultative anerobes

Back 27

Grow with or without oxygen, but better with

Front 28

Microareophiles

Back 28

require oxygen in low concentrations

Front 29

aerotolerent anaerobes

Back 29

do not use oxygen but are not harmed by it

Front 30

neutrophiles

Back 30

multiply between pH of 5 and 8

Front 31

Acidophiles

Back 31

Thrive at pH below 5.5

Front 32

Alkophiles

Back 32

Grow at pH above 8.5

Front 33

Osmophiles

Back 33

thrive at high osmotic pressures

Front 34

Halophiles

Back 34

thrive at high salt concentrations

Front 35

Halotolerent

Back 35

tolerate high salt enviroments

Front 36

Saccharophiles

Back 36

thrive at high sugar concentrations

Front 37

Heterotrophs

Back 37

use organism carbon as nutrient source

Front 38

Autotrophs

Back 38

use inorganic carbon as carbon source

Front 39

Phototrophs

Back 39

derive energy from sunlight

Front 40

Chemotrophs

Back 40

derive energy from chemical compunds

Front 41

Photoautotrophs

Back 41

use sunlight and atomospheric carbon as carbon sources

Front 42

Chemolithoautotrophs

Back 42

use inorganics for energy and CO2 as carbon source

Front 43

Photoheterotrophs

Back 43

Energy from sunlight, carbon from organic compiunds

Front 44

Chemoorganoheterotrophs

Back 44

Use organic compounds for energy and carbon sources

Front 45

Complex media

Back 45

Contains a variety of ingredients , in which all the components and their quantities are not known

Front 46

Defined media

Back 46

Composed of precise amounts of pure chemical, known, nutritional requirements for a particular microbe

Front 47

Selective media

Back 47

contains inhibitors to suppress the growth of some microbes but allows the growth of others

Front 48

Differential media

Back 48

allows many types to grow but determines one type from another due to biochemical characteristics

Front 49

Media Enrichment

Back 49

adjusting the cultural environment of the media, so as to enhance the growth of particular microbes