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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Third Line of Defense
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Acquired; responsible for bringing immunity in your body
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Antigen
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Production of specific antibodies by dual system of B and T lymphocytes in response to an encounter with a foreign molecule, is called an antigen.
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Specificity
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Antibodies produced, function only against the antigen that they were produced in response to.
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Memory
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Lymphocytes are programmed to "recall" their first encounter with an antigen and respond rapidly to subsequent encounters.
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Active Immunity
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Results when a person is challenged with antigen that stimulates production of antibodies; CREATES MEMORY, TAKES TIME, AND IS LASTING.
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Passive Immunity
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Preformed antibodies are donated to an individual; DOES NOT CREATE MEMORY, ACTS IMMEDIATELY, AND IS SHORT TERM.
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Natural Immunity
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Acquired as a part of normal life experiences
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Artificial Immunity
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Acquired through a medical procedure, such as a vaccine
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Natural Active Immunity
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Acquired upon infection and recovery
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Natural Passive Immunity
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Acquired by a child through placenta and breast milk
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Artificial Active Immunity
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Acquired through inoculation with a selected Ag.
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Artificial Passive Immunity
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Administration of immune serum or globulin.
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When the B-Cells are stimulated, what cell is produced?
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Plasma cells
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Class 1 MHC
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Markers that display unique characteristics of self molecules and regulation of immune reactions.
Required for T-lymphocytes |
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Class 2 MHC
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Receptors that recognize and react with foreign antigens; located primarily on macrophages and B cells.
Involved in presenting antigen to T-Cells |
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What is the chemistry of receptors?
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Glycoproteins
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Receptors on B-cells
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Antibodies
Glycoproteins Immunoglobulin |
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What is the origin of blood?
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Yolk sac
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Opsonization
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Process of coating microorganisms or other particles with specific antiboddies so they are more readily recognized by phagocytes.
Antibodies completely cover the bacteria (antigen) - makes it easier to catch a hold of it and engulf it and destroy it. |
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Agglutination
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Ab aggregation; cross-linking cells or particles into large clumps.
The antibodies bind to many antigens so that they cannot multiply (make large clumps). |
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Neutralization
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Abs fill the surface receptors on a virus or the active site on a microbial enzyme to prevent it from attaching.
Substrate sits on the active sites on receptors so that they bacteria's substrates cannot attach themselves there. |
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IgG
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Long-term immunity
Memory antibodies Neutralizes toxins, opsonizes, and fixes complement, and it is the only antibody capable of crossing the placenta. (Secretory) |
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IgA
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Secretory antibody
Mucous membranes Confers the most important specific local immunity to enteric, respiratory, and genitourinary pathogens. (Secretory) |
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IgM
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Produced at first response to antigen
Can serve as a B-cell receptor (Receptor) |
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IgD
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Receptor on B-Cells
(Receptor) |
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IgE
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Antibody of allergy
Worm infections (Receptor) |
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T-Helper Cells
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CD4 or TH
Most prevalent type of T-cells; regulate immune reaction to antigens, including other T and B cells; also involved in activating macrophages and improving oposonization, differentiate into T helper (th1) cells or T helper 2 (th2) cells |
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Cytotoxic Cells
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CD8 or Tc
Destroy foreign or abnormal cells by secreting perforins that lyse sells |
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Natural Killer Cells
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LACK SPECIFICITY
Circulate through the spleen, blood, and lungs. |
