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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is pasteurisation |
Lowers microbial numbers for preventing spoilage |
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What is sterilisation |
Kills all microbes |
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What is decontamination |
Cleans an area for future use |
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What is disinfection |
Lowers microbial numbers for preventing infection |
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What is treatment |
Lowers microbial numbers for preventing/ curing disease |
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What is bactericidal |
Kills bacteria |
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What is bacteriostatic |
Inhibits bacterial growth |
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What is sterilisation of heat (steam) |
High heat that kills bacteria, including thermophiles |
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What is the standard temperature used for sterilisation- heat (steam) and time |
Heating at 121°C for 15 mins at a high pressure |
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What does sterilisation- heat (steam) kill |
Kills both negative bacteria and spores |
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In sterilisation- heat (steam) how long can the time be prolonged for |
30,45,60 minutes depending on situation |
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What is an example of when sterilisation- heat (steam) is prolonged |
Oils need longer sterilisation time than water, as well as large volumes (>2L) |
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What is the advantage of using dry heat |
Used on others heat stable items affected by steam |
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What is sterilisation- UV (non-ionising) |
Exposure of items to UV light for 10-15 mins leads to their sterilisation |
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What is UV light used for in sterilisation- UV (non-ionising) |
IV light is often used i laminar flow cabinets for ensuring an aseptic environment for microbial work |
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What does UV light cause in DNA |
Mutations |
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How long is the exposure to UV light in sterilisation- UV (non-ionising) |
10-15 minutes leads to sterilisation |
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What is gamma radiation |
Disposable medical equipment, usually cobalt-60 (60Co) or caesium-137 (137Cs) |
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What are the advantages of using gamma radiation as a sterilant |
Easily sterilises all of the equipment Low chemical reactivity Instant sterilisation |
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Disadvantages of gamma radiation |
Very dangerous Need to be well trained to use Monitoring needed of the process |
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What are the two physical and mechanical methods for killing bacteria |
Sterilisation Pasteurisation |
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What are the different sterilisation techniques |
Heat UV Sterile filtration |
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What size is the pore diameter that samples are often passed through |
0.22um |
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How many holes are present on sterile filters |
Hindered of tiny holes |
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What is the membrane filters composed of |
High tensile strength polymers are commonly used |
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What is the decimal reduction time |
It is the time required for causing a 10-fold reduction of the bacteria in a sample |
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What does the graph of a bacteriostatic look like |
Back (Definition) |
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What do the graphs of bacteriocidal and bacteriolytic look like |
Back (Definition) |
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What is an antibiotic |
Antimicrobial compounds produced by microorganisms |
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How are antibiotics produced |
Produced by bacteria and fungi killing or inhibiting the growth of their neighbours |
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What are sterilants |
Destroy all microorganisms, included endosperm. Use in hospital when the use of heat or radiation is impractical |
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What are disinfectants |
Kill microorganisms but not necessarily endoscope. Use on surface |
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What are sanitisers |
Less harsh than disinfectants, reduce microbial but do not sterilise most used are chloride compound |
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What are antiseptics |
Kill or inhibit microorganisms growth but non toxic and can be apply to living tissues and surface wounds |
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What temperature is pasteurisation usually at |
72°C for 15 mins or 63°C for 30 mins Then immediately cooled to 5°C |
