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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacillus Anthracis
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Anthrax
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Inhalation anthrax
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woolsorter's disease
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eschar
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black ulcer from cutaneous anthrax
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protective antigen
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anthrax toxin that brings in edema factor and lethal factor into the cell
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edema factor
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anthrax toxin that causes tissue to swell
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lethal factor
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anthrax toxin that causes the cell to die
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primary treatment for anthrax
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ciprofloxacin
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lockjaw
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common name of tetanus
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true or false: clostridium tetani is aerobic
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false, it is anaerobic
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tetanospasmin
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the exotoxin that prevents the release of glycine so muscle continues to spasm
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trismus
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fixed smile
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opisthotonus
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arched back
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gangrene
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a disease due to the stoppage of blood flow
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anaerobe
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an organism that grows in a low-oxygen environment
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necrosis
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dead tissue
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clostridium perfringens
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gas gangrene
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true or false: clostridium perfringens is a gram positive aerobe
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false, clostridium perfringens is a gram positive anaerobe
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hyaluronidase
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spreading factor; degrades hyaluronic acid, liquefying tissue.
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hemolysins
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protein molecules that destroy red blood cells.
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lecithinase
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breaks down lipids in the cells
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treatment of gas gangrene
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debridement
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debridement
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removal of dead tissue
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transmission of gas gangrene
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soil
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leptospira interrogans
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leptospirosis
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what is the shape of leptospira interrogans
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it's a spirochaete with a hook
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weil's disease
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special type of leptospirosis that is systemic(invades the blood stream and attacks kidney)
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transmission of leptospirosis
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animal urine
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Burkholderia pseudomallei
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meliodosis
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transmission of melioidosis
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soil transmission
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true or false: meliodosis is called a medical time bomb
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true, meliodosis bacteria can lie dormant for years.
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anthropods
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lice, ticks, fleas, etc.
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true or false: the plague is a pandemic disease
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true, it has occurred all over the world many different times
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sylvatic plague
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the plague in animals, primarily harbored by rats.
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the flea that spreads the plague
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xenopsylla cheopsis (the rat flea)
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Yersinia pestis
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the bacteria that causes the plague
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bubo
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the lymph nodes
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pneumonic plague
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a respiratory type of the plague
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bubonic plague
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blood disease
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septicemia
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bacteria and toxins in the blood
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true or false: bubonic plague and pneumonic plague are fatal if untreated
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true
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transmission of bubonic plague
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bite/blood
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transmission of pneumonic plague
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respiratory droplets
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francisella tularensis
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bacteria that causes tularemia
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transmission of francisella tularensis
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tick bites and skinned rabbits
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Borrelia Burgdorferi
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bacteria that causes lyme disease
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transmission of lyme disease
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(ixodes scapularis and ixodes pacificus) deer tick
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reservoir of the deer tick
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the mouse
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Three stages of Lyme disease
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1. early localized stage (bull's eye symptom; erythema migrans)
2. early disseminated stage (systemic; joint and muscle pain) 3. late stage (arthritis from destruction of the joints. |
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systemic infection
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the organism penetrates the capillaries and enters the bloodstream
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borrelia hermsii
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bacteria that causes endemic relapsing fever
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borrelia recurrentis
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bacteria that causes epidemic relapsing fever
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True or false: rickettsial bacterias are obligate intracellular parasites.
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true, they are gram negative obligate intracellular parasites.
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rickettsia ricketsii
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bacteria that causes rocky mountain spotted fever; most common rickettsia
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maculopapular rash
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a large rash on the skin; goes from appendages to trunk on rocky mountain spotted fever and from trunk to appendages on epidemic typhus.
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Weil-Felix Test
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adding the serum of a patient to another serum of antibiotics. A positive test will clump.
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Rickettsia Prowazekii
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epidemic typhus
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Rickettsia typhi
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endemic/murine typhus
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Rickettsia Tsutsugamushi
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scrub typhus
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hemolysis
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destroys red blood cells
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exotoxin
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a toxin released from the cell into the environment
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endotoxin
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the toxin that is part of the cell wall. Lipid A.
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Cytolytic toxins
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toxins that break down cells by poking a hole and draining stuff.
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AB toxin
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two toxins that work together (diptheria, tetanus, botulism)
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B toxin action
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binds to receptor on a target cell and thrusts A toxin into the cell.
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A toxin action
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prevents the cell from making proteins
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botulinum toxin action
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prevents contraction
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tetanus toxin action
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prevents relaxation
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superantigens
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causes T-cells to make a bunch of different cytokines.
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enterotoxins
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toxins that cause diarrhea
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true or false: the b toxin binds to the GM1 gangliocyte and binds to the a toxin
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true
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adenylcyclase
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takes ATP and converts it to cAMP
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true or false: 'A' toxin activates adenylcyclase
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true
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high cAMP
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sodium cannot enter the cells
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