Microbial Disease Of The Digestive Systems

Front 1

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Back 1

Gastrointestinal tract
Accessory organs and structures

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Gastrointestinal tract

Back 2

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Front 3

Accessory organs and structures

Back 3

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas

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Normal microbiota
Mouth
stomach small intestine
accessory organs

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Numerous in mouth and large intestine
Few in stomach and small intestine
Accessory organs typically sterile

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BACTERIAL DISEASE OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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Dental carries
Staphylococcal food poisoning
Shigellosis
Salmonellosis
Typhoid fever
Cholera
Vibrio gastroenteritis
Campylobacter gastroenteritis
Helicobacter peptic ulcer

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Dental carries
cause (bacteria
what happens
what is produced
progression

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Caused by Streptococcus mutans
Bacteria stick to teeth
Acid produced during fermentation (glucose) destroys enamel
Other bacteria penetrate into dentin and pulp

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Staphylococcal food poisoning
cause
result

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Caused by staphylococcus aureus
S. aureus enters food during preparation
Exotoxin results in nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

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Shigellosis
cause
transmission
result

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Caused by Shigella sp (GNB)
Organism is ingested (may be small quantity)
Results in bloody stool, abdominal cramps, fever

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Salmonellosis
cause
transmission
result

Back 9

Caused by Salmonella sp.
Organisms are ingested (large quantity) often associated with eggs, chicken, vegetables
Results in nausea, pain, diarrhea, septicemia

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Typhoid fever
cause
transmission
result
harbored

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Caused by Salmonella typhi
Transmitted by fecal contact
Harbored in gall bladder
Results in fever and malaise

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Cholera
CTR

Back 11

Caused by Vibro cholerae (curved GNB, gram negative bacillus)
Organisms are ingested (often in water)
Results in vomiting, diarrhea, electrolyte loss

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Vibrio gastroenteritis
CTR

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Caused by noncholera Vibrio species
Ingested with crustaceans or mollusks
Results in diarrhea

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E. coli gastroenteritis
CTR

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Caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7
Organisms are ingested (contaminated food)
Results in diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis

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Campylobacter gastroenteritis
CTR

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Caused by Campylobacter jejuni
Ingested with contaminated chicken and cow’s milk
Results in fever, cramping, diarrhea

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Helicobacter peptic ulcer
CTR

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Caused by Heliobacter pylori
Organisms are ingested (contaminated food)
Can stand the low pH of the stomach
Results in diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis

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VIRAL DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (place marker)

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Mumps
Hepatitis

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Mumps

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Caused by mumps virus (paramyxovirus)
Transmitted through respiratory tract
Results in swollen parotid gland, fever, pain

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Hepatitis

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Caused by several hepatitis viruses
Transmitted by food or water (A), blood, saliva, sweat, semen (B), and blood (C)
Results in fever, jaundice, inflamed liver

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FUNGAL DISEASE OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (place marker)

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Ergot poisoning
Aflatoxin poisoning

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Ergot poisoning
CTR

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Caused by Claviceps purpurea
Fungus is ingested in contaminated grains
Results in hallucinations, vomiting

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Aflatoxin poisoning
CTR

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Caused by Aspergillus flavus
Toxin is ingested with contaminated food
May result in liver cirrhosis and cancer

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PROTOZAN DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (place marker)

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Giardiasis
Amoebic dysentery

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Giardiasis
CTR

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Caused by Giardia lambia
Transmitted in contaminated water
Results in nausea, abdominal cramps
Prefers the small intestine

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Amoebic dysentery
CTR

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Caused by Entaomoeba hystolytica
Transmitted by contaminated water
Results in diarrhea, tissue damage

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HELMINTH DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (place marker)

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Tapeworm infections
Pinworm infection
Ascariasis
Trichinosis

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Tapeworm infections
CTR

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Caused by cestodes (Taenia)
Transmitted in poorly-cooked meat (worm) or by poor sanitation (eggs)
Results in abdominal discomfort

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Pinworm infection
CTR

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Caused by Enterobius vermicularis
Transmitted by ingesting eggs
Results in perianal itching

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Ascariasis
CTR

Back 28

Caused by Ascaris lumbricoides
Transmitted by ingesting eggs
Results in mild abdominal discomfort, may cause blockage of intestines, pancreatic and bile ducts

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Trichinosis

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Caused by trichinella spiralis
Transmitted in undercooked meat
Results in GI pain, muscle pain