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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are cytokines (in general)?
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Regulatory proteins secreted by WBCs and other cells.
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What happens when cytokines bind their receptors?
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Specific sets of Cellular kinases are activated, and then nuclear transcription factors.
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TNF principal cell sources:
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-Macrophages
-T cells |
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What does TNF do?
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-Activates ECs and PMNs
-Causes fever in hypothalamus -Promotes liver prodn of APRs -Cachexia -Causes apoptosis |
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What is cachexia?
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Muscle and fat catabolism
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What are the main sources of IL-1?
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-Macrophages
-ECs |
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What does IL-1 do?
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-Activates endothelial cells
-Fever -Liver synth of APRs |
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What cells are the sources of Chemokines?
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-Macrophages
-ECs -T lymphocytes -Fibroblasts -Platelets |
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What do Chemokines accomplish?
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Leukocyte chemotaxis and activation
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What cells produce IL-12?
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-Macrophages
-Dendritic cells |
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What does IL-12 do?
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-Activates NK cells and T cells to make IFN-y and lyse cells
-Makes T cells differentiate into TH1 cells |
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What cells make IFN-y?
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-NK cells
-T cells |
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What does IFN-y do?
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Activates macrophages to kill ingested microbes
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What are the type I IFNs?
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IFN-a
IFN-B |
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What cells make IFN-a?
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Macrophages
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What cells make IFN-B?
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Fibroblasts
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What is the principal effect of IFN-a or B?
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An antivral state in all cells via increased Class I MHC expression
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What other cell can be activated by IFN-a or IFN-B?
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NK cells
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What cells produce IL-10?
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-Macrophages
-TH2 cells |
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What cells are the target of IL-10? What is its effect?
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Macrophages - reduces IL-12 production, costimulator expression, and Class II MHC expression.
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What cells make IL-6?
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-Macrophages
-Endothelial cells -T cells |
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What are the principal targets and effects of IL-6?
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Liver: make APRs
B cells: increased proliferation of Ab-producing cells |
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What makes IL-15?
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Macrophages
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What does IL-15 do?
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Causes NK and T cell proliferation
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What cells make IL-18?
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Macrophages
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What does IL-18 do?
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Causes IFN-y synthesis in NK and T cells
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