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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why are fungi hard to get rid of
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euk
spore forming |
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what model demonstrates the plasma membrane
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fluid mosaic
ability of mosaic to change and move about hte embrane provides efficienty in nutrient uptake |
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why is alocohol important in gram staining
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dehydrates the clel wall causing it to shrink and maintain the CV iodine complex
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what is chemotzxis
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bacti more through environment in a series of runs and tumbles
a response to a chemical gradient in a cell's environemtn |
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what are pili involved in
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exchange of genetic material via conjugation
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what are examples of storage polymers
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carbon
polyphosphate elemental sulfer magnetosomes |
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what concentrations are increased in spores
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calcium
dipicolinic acid |
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what is metabolism
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odds of arxn occuring
sum of all chemical processes in the cell |
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why is energy needed i nthe cell
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chemical work
transport work mechanical work |
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what two types of E are used in the cell
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atp
nadph |
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what are three E classifications
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chemoorgano glucose
chemolitho H2 phototroph H2O |
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what are the two carbon classifications
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heterotrophs glucose
autotroph inorganic CO2 |
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what is an organism that uses CO2 and H2
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chemolithoautotroph
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what is an organism that uses CO2 and H20
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photoautotroph
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what is an organism that uses glucose for both
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chemoorganoheterotroph
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what is an organism taht uses H2 and glucose
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chemolithoheterotroph
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what is the terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration
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something other than O2
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what is the max amount of ATP made in a prok
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38
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is there PPP in fermentation
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yes but no ETC
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what is the most widely used metabolism
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chemolithotrophy because can live any and everywhere because it uses H2 and CO2
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how do chemolithotrophs convert CO2 into organic arbin
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calvin cycle
reverse TCA cycle |
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photosynthesizers are always ...
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chemolithotrophs because it i an inorganic process source of E
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what are two types of photosynthesis
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oxygenic
anoxygenic |
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how does group translocation work
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chemcially alters ATP to maintain gradient
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what are examples of micronutrients
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trace element
growth factors |
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what are four tyeps of media
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defined
complex selective media differentiated |
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what type of media is NA
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complex
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why is there no such thing as an old bacti cell
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binary fission
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what must the cell replicate in preparation for growth
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riboxomes, NADPH, ATP, cytoplasm, aa, DNA, CW, CM, transcription and translation
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what are the four phases of the bacterial grwoth curve
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lag
exponential stationary death |
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how can we measure bacti growth
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total count
viable plate turbidity |
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what is important in a viable plate count
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30 to 300 CFUs
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how do you calcuate a dilution
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observed/how much you added (total dilution factor)
= original concentration |
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in turbidity, increased number of cells =
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increased optical density
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can turbidity alone give conc. why or why not?
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NO. depends on MO cell size
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what is generation time
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N=No2^n
final cell conc original cell conc number of generations |
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what is k
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number of generations/unit time
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k =
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n/t
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what is g
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gnereation time
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g =
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1/k
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how can you calculate n
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n = logn - logNo / log2
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what is a chemostat
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bioreactgor where you continuously supply utrients and release waste products
dilution rate concentration of nutrients |
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what are the goals of a chemostat
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to maintain exponential growth and maximize production
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what temp range of bacti inhabit the human body
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mesophiles
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what are four classifications o fantimicrobial chemicals
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cidal
static antibiotic synthetic |
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what are static agfents
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inhibits growth
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