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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two main components of the immune system?
How do they differ in response? Variability? Specificities? adaptability? |
- Innate (constitutive) and Adaptive (inducible)
- rapid (hrs) vs. slow (days/wks) - invariant vs. variable - limited vs. numerous highly selective specificities - constant vs improve during response |
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What process results after necrosis that does not (usually) occur after apoptosis?
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inflammation
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All cells involved in both innate and adaptive immunity are known as:
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white blood cells (or leukocytes)
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All cell types involved in innate and adaptive immunity derive from:
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the hematopoietic stem cell pool
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Which cells of the innate immune system derive from the lymphoid stem cell pool?
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natural killer cells (NK cells)
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Which cells of the adaptive immune system derive from the lymphoid stem cell pool?
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T cells and B cells
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What expresses the CD 4 marker
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Helper T cells
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What cells contain the CD 8 marker
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Cytotoxic T cells
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Where is the CD 3 marker found
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All T cells
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Name two antigen presenting cells of the myeloid lineage
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Dendritic cells and macrophages
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Humoral immunity involves what three classes of cells?
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B cells, T helper cells, and APCs
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Cell-mediated immunity involves what two classes of cells?
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Cytotoxic T cells and macrophages
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What are the central lymphoid organs
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Bone marrow and the thymus
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What occurs in the bone marrow?
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site of generation of all circulating blood cells
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What occurs in the thymus?
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site of T cell maturation
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What are the systemic peripheral (secondary) lymphoid organs?
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Spleen and lymph nodes
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What occurs in the spleen?
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site of immune responses to blood-borne antigens
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What occurs in the lymph nodes?
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sites of immune responses to lymph-borne antigens
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What are the mucosal peripheral (secondary) lymphoid organs?
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External mucosa (skin) and Internal mucosa (digestive tract)
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What occurs in the external mucosa (skin)?
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site of lymphocytes and dendritic cells that respond to environmental antigens
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What occurs in the internal mucosa (digestive tract)?
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mucosal surfaces of the GALT, RALT, and BALT contain lymphocytes and accessory cells that respond to inhaled, ingested, injected, and inseminated pathogens
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What cell types are mostly associated with innate immunity?
What are the cells of the innate immune system? |
- myeloid lineage
- Three from myeloid (PMNs, macrophages, dendritic cells) One from lymphoid (natural killer cells) |
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What cell types are mostly associated with adaptive immunity?
What are the cells of the adaptive immune system? |
- lymphoid lineage
- APCs (macrophages and dendritic cells) Lymphoid lineage (T cells and B cells) |
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What might be the consequence of the failure of the B cell arm of the immune system to develop?
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since B cells become plasma cells which secrete antibodies…
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What are the two diff arms of adaptive immunity?
Why do we need two different arms? |
- humoral and cell-mediated
- to take care of the extracellular pathogens (w/humoral) and intracellular pathogens (w/adaptive) |
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How do central and peripheral lymphoid organs differ in function?
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- In primary (central), Immune cell types develop, while in secondary, immune responses occur
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- In primary (central), Immune cell types develop, while in secondary, immune responses occur
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- b/c pathogens have multiple routes of entry (ingestion, inhalation, injection, insemination) and body needs to filter all of them
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What is the guiding principle of adaptive immune response?
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- clonal selection of B and T lymphocytes, which includes inducibility, specificity, clonality, and memory
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