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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 alpha hemolytic bacteria
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Strep. Pneumo
Strep. Viridans |
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What is Catalase -
optochin sensitive alpha hemolytic |
Strep Pneumo
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What is Catalase -
Optochin resistant alpha hemolytic |
Strep viridans
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What are the 4 beta hemolytic bacteria
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Staph. Aureus
Strep, pyogenes Strep Agalactiae Listeria monocytogenes |
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What is
Catalase - Group A bacitracin sensitive Beta hemolysis |
Strep. pyogenes
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What is
Catalase - Group B bacitracin resistant Beta hemolysis |
Strep. Agalactiae
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What does B-BRAS stand for
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Group B
Bacitracin Resistant Group A Sensitive |
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What does OVRPS
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Optochin Viridans Resistant
Pneumonia sensitive |
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What is the most important virulence factor for Staph Aureus
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Protein A
Binds Fc-IgG inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis |
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What is the TSST superantigen do and who does it belong to
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Staph Aureus
Binds the MHC II causeing T-cell activation Causes Toxic Shock syndrome |
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What is the virulence factors for Staph, Epidermidis
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Biofilm. on prosthetic devices and catheters
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What does Strep, pneumonia cause
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"MOPS"
Meningitis Otitis media Pneumonia Sinus itis |
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What is the most important virulence factor for strep. pneumo
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Capsule, IgA protease
sepsis in sickle cell anemia and splenectomy |
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Where do Viridans group strep live
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in the mouth and can be the cause of dental carries (mutans)
not afraid of the chin ***optochin resistant*** |
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What does Strep. Sanguis cause
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Subacute endocarditis
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What does strep pyogenes cause
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Pyogenic - pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo
Toxigenic - scarlet fever, toxic shock Immunologic - Rheumatic fever, Acute glomerulonephritis |
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What is the virulence factor for strep pyogenes
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M-protein.
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Strep agalactiae causes what
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BABY
meningitis, sepsis in babies ***Group B strep*** |
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What can grow in a 6.5%NaCl culture
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Enterococci
Feacalis, faecium |
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Strep Bovis can cause what
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Endocarditis IF have colon cancer also!!
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What grows on Tellurite agar
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Diphtheria
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What are the virulence factors for Diphtheria
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ADP ribosylation
Beta-prophage Elongation Factor 2 |
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What is
Gram + Rods with metachromatic (blue/red)granules |
Diphtheria
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What are the only sprore forming Gram + bacterias
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Bacillis Cereus
Bacillus anthracis Clostridium perfringens Clostridium Tetani Clostridium Bolulinum Have to autoclave to kill |
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What does the tetanus toxin prevent in the body
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release of glycine
inhibitory NT |
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What does botulin toxin prevent
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release of ACh
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What produces a alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis and hemolysis
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Clostridium perfringens
(gas gangrene) |
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What produces a cytotoxin "a exotoxin" that kills enterocytes
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Clostridium difficile
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What is the capsule contain in anthrax
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it is the only polypeptide capsule
contains D-Glutamate |
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What are the 2 factors involved with anthrax
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lethal factor and edema factor
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What does listeria cause
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Neonatal meningitis
meningitis in immunocompromised in pregnant women amnionitis, spontaneous abortion |
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What is a gram + ROD that forms actin rockets
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Listeria
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What is a Gram + Rod
Anaerobe and causes oral and facial abscesses that may drain through sinuses tracts in skin (normal oral flora) |
Actinomyces israelii
tx with penicillin |
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What is a Gram + Rod
weakly acid fast aerobe in soil causes pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients |
Nocardia asteroides
tx with sulfa |
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What mycobacteria causes disseminated disease in AIDS patients
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M. Avium
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What is a Gram + Acid fast organism
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Mycobacterium
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What kind of Mycobacterium likes to grow in cool temperatures and cannot be grown in vitro and the reservoir in united states is the armadillo
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Leprae
TX is Dapsone ***toxicity of dapsone = hemolysis, and methemoglobinemia*** |
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What 2 bacteria have alpha toxins
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Staph Aureus
Clostridium perfringins |
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What does the Alpha toxin from clostridium perfringins do
Staph. Aureus so |
Lecithinase - seperates skin
Forms pores |
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What bacteria is hyaluronic acid and M-protein found on and what do they do
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Found on strep. pyogenes
Hyaluronic acid (looks like us) avoids detection M-protein is a anti-phagocytic surface protein |
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Gram + cocci
Catalase + Coagulase - forms a biofilm |
Staph. Epidermitidis
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Gram + cocci that is Optichin sensitivie
Alpha Hemolytic |
Strep. Pneumo
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Gram + cocci that is Bacitracin resistant
Beta Hemolytic |
Strep. Agalactiae
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Gram + Cocci that is optichin resistant
Alpha Hemoytic (causes dental caries and subacute endocarditis) |
Staph. Mutans
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Gram + cocci that is Bacitracin sensitive
Beta hemolytic |
Strep. Pyogenes
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Exotoxin for S.Aureus
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TSST-1 super antigen causes
toxic shock syndrome *enterotoxin = food poisioning = scalded skin syndrome |
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What does Exotoxin S. Pyogenes cause
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Scarlet fever
erythrogenic toxin causes toxic shock-like syndrome |
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Exotoxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheriae (A-B) toxin
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Inactivates EF-2
pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in throat |
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What bacterial componet is not killed by autoclaveing
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Endotoxin LPS
removed from surfaces by detergent scrubbing |
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What kind of bacteria causes pneumonia with cavitary lesions
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Staph. Aureus
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What bacteria is Novobiacin resistant
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Staph. Saprophyticus
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What bacteria is Novobiocin sensitive
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Staph. Epidermidis
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What bacteria is Optochin resistant
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Strep. Viridans
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What bacteria is Optochin sensitive
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Strep. Pneumo
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What bacteria are Bacitracin sensitive
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Group A strep
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What group of bacteria is Bacitracin resistant
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Group B strep.
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What are the 2 alpha hemolytic bacteria
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Strep. Pneumo
Strep. Viridans |
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What bacteria is Gram +
catalase + coagulase + and beta hemolytic |
Staph. Aureus
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What bacteria is Gram +
catalase - bacitracin sensitive and beta hemolytic |
Group A
strep. pyogenes |
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What bacteria is Gram +
catalase neg bacitracin resistant beta hemolytic |
Group B
Strep. Agalactiae |
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What Gram + bacteria has tumboling motility, meningitis in newborns, unpasturized mild and is beta hemolytic
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Listeria monocytogenes
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What does Protein A from Staph. Aureus do
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Binds Fc-IgG
Inhibits complement fixation and phagocytosis |
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pathogenesis of Staph. Epidermidis
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infects prosthetic devices and intravenous catheters by producing biofilms.
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Strep. MOPSpnumonia
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MOPS
meningitis otitis media (kids) pneumonia Sinusitis **IgA protease** ***rusty sputum, sepsis in sickle cell*** |
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Where do Strep. Viridans live
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in the oropharynx and cause cavities
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What diseases does Strep. Pyogenes cause
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pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo
scarlet fever, toxicshock, rheumatic fever acute glomerulonephritis |
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Bacitracin resistant
beta hemolytic **causes pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis in BABIES** |
Strep. Agalactiae
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Both Gram +
Pen G resistant Normal colonic flora ** can be VRE** Cause UTI, and subacute endocarditis |
Enterococcus species
Feacalis Faecum |
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What bacteria colonizes the gut
causes bacteremia and subacute endocartitis in COLON CANCER patients |
Gram + Streptococcus Bovis
Group D |
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what bacteria is a Gram + rod with metachromatic granules (blue/red)
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae
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What are the virulence factors for Corynebacterium diphtheriae
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has a beta prophage
exotoxin inhibits protein synthesis via ADP-ribosylation of EF-2 |
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What kind of agar does Corynebacterium diphtheriae grow on
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Tellurite
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What are the 5 spore forming bacteria
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Bacillus anthracis
clostridium perfringens C. Tetani Bacillus cereus C. botulinum |
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Gram + spore forming
obligate anerobic bacilli |
Clostridium Tetani
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how does the tetanus exotoxin work
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blocks GABA (glycine) release from cells in spinal cord (Renshaw)
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How does the botulism exotoxin work
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inhibits ACh release at the Neuromuscular junction.
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How does the perfringens alpha toxin work
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a lecithinase causes myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
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how does C.Diff exotoxin work
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produces a cytotoxin that kills enterocytes causing pseudo membraneous collitis
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What is the only bacterium that contains a polypeptide capsule D-glutamate
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Anthrax
Gram + spore forming rod |
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What bacteria get around via actin rockets
and the only gram positive bacteria with a ENDOtoxin |
listeria monocytogenes
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Facultative intracellular microbe
acquired by ingestion of unpasteurized milk/cheese and deli meats. or by vaginal transmission during birth |
listeria monocytogenes
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What are the 2 gram + Rods forming long branching filaments
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Actinomyces vs Nocardia
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What is a Gram + Rod anaerobe, causes oral/facial abscesses that may drain through sinus tracts in skin.
NORMAL oral flora |
Actinomyces israelii
forms yellow sulfur granules in sinus tracts. TX penicillin |
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What is a Gram + Rod and also a weakly acid fast aerobe in soil.
causes pulmonary infection in Immunocompromised pts |
Nocardia
TX Sulfa drug |
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What bacteria has its reservior in armadillos
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Mycobacterium leprae
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Bordetella pertussis Exotoxin
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increases cAMP by inhibiting G-alpha1
**inhibits chemokine receptor causes lymphocytosis** |
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What is the bacteria that causes pneumonia in alcoholics or diabetic patients
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Klebsiella
a gram - oxidase - bacillus |
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What is a Gram - bacillus that requires factors X and V
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Hemophilus
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What is the most common cause of otitis externa
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Pseudomona aeruginosa
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Gram - bacilli
oxidase + Aerobic |
pseudomonas aeruginosa
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what are the symptoms of malignant otitis externa
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inflammation and discharge from ear.
can also cause osteomyelitis and nerve palsy |
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Who gets malignant otitis externa
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elderly diabetic patients
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What is the most common cause of Otitis media in children.
What is the most important virulence factor |
****Strep. Pneumonia**** (haemophilus, moraxella)
Capsule |
