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36 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Bug that contains virulence factor protein A (binds to Fc portion of IgG and prevents phagocytosis), inhibits Ab mediated clearance, and has ribitol phosphate in its wall?
Staphylococcus aureus
Difference between Staph. aureus and Staph epidermis:
S. aureus is coagulase +
produces scalded skin syndrome in newborns:
epidermolytic toxin
Difference between Staph. aureus and Staph epidermis:
S. aureus is coagulase +
difference between Viridian and S. pneumoniae:
S. pneumoniae is Bile soluble
difference between Group D Strep. and enterococcus (viridians):
Group D Strep. has salt intolerance and is PYR negative. Entrococcus grows in NaCl.
Virulence factors for Group A Streptococcus:
M-protein, Lipoteichoic acid, Streptokinase, DNase, Hyaluronidase, Anti-C5a peptidase
Toxins for Group A Streptococcus:
Erythrogenic or Pyrogenic Toxin (scarlet fever), TSS toxin
Diagnosis for Group A Streptococcus:
Gram (+) in chains, growth inhibited by bacitracin
Treatment for Group A Streptococcus:
Penicillin G, Penicillin V, Erythromycin, Penicillinase-resistant penicillin
causes neonatal meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)
Treatment for Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B):
Penicillin G
Diagnosis of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B):
Gram stain & culture of CSF
Pathology of Enterococci, Streptococcus bovis & equinus (Group D):
Subacute endocarditis, biliary tract infections, UTIs
Treatment for Enterococci, Streptococcus bovis & equinus (Group D):
Ampicillin (penicillin G & vancomycin resistance)
Diagnosis of Enterococci, Streptococcus bovis & equinus (Group D):
Gram (+), NaCl/bile solution (nonenterococci will not grow without it)
Virulence factors for Viridans streptococci:
extracellular dextran (heart valve adherence)
Pathology of Viridans streptococci:
Subacute bacterial endocarditis, dental caries, brain & liver abcesses
Treatment of Viridans streptococci:
Penicillin G
Diagnosis of Viridans streptococci:
Gram (+), Culture, resistant to optochin
Location of normal colonization of Viridans streptococci:
nasopharynx, gingival crevices, GI tract
Location of normal colonization of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B):
vagina of pregnant women
Virulence factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae:
Capsule
Toxins of Streptococcus pneumoniae:
Pneumolysin (binds to cholesterol in cell membrane)
Pathology of Streptococcus pneumoniae:
Pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, otitis media
Treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae:
Penicillin G, Erythromycin, Ceftriaxone, Vaccine
Diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae:
Catalase (-), Gram (+) diplococci, Quellung (+) (swelling in response to anti-capsular antibodies), will not grow in presence of optochin or bile
Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus:
Protein A (IgG-binding), Coagulase, Hemolysins, Leukocidins, Penicillinase, Hyaluronidase, Staphylokinase, Lipase
Toxins of Staphylococcus aureus:
Exfoliatin (SSS), enterotoxin, TSST-1
Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus:
Penicillinase-resistant penicillin, vancomycin, clindamycin, IV vancomycin for MRSA
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus:
clustured Gram (+), catalase & coagulase (+), golden pigment, beta hemolytic
Virulence of Staphylococcus epidermidis:
polysaccharide capsule (prosthetic adherence), antibiotic resistance
Treatment of Staphylococcus epidermidis:
vancomycin (antibiotic resistance!)
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus epidermidis:
Gram (+) clusters, catalase (+), coagulase (-)
Treatment of Staphylococcus saprophyticus:
penicillin
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus saprophyticus:
Gram (+) clusters, gamma hemolytic, catalase (+), coagulase (-)