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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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is a malignant transformation of a singleB-cell clone of Ig secreting cells may cause immunogenic amyloidosis |
Myeloma |
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When sufficient antibody is secreted, Ag-Abcomplexes form B-cells constitutively express surface FCgR.BCR and FCgR cross-linked by immune complexes deliverssignals which block further B-cell activation |
Regulation of humoral response |
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activationand proliferation of T and B cells takes 4-7 days, creating the lag period between antigen exposure andthe appearance of Ig in plasma |
first exposure |
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1) short lagperiod 2) IgG (long 1/2-life) prod inpreference to IgM 3) more antibody produced 4)secreted antibody binds antigen more tightly |
secondary response |
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mediates hypermutation |
Activation induceddeaminase (AID) |
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membrane vs secreted antibodyoccurs by... |
...alternative splicing of the primary RNA transcript of the heavy chain in antigenactivated B cells. |
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IgM Þ IgG, IgE or IgA production. Occurs when heavy chainconstant domain DNA is eliminated. |
Isotype switching |
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“Antigens participate in their own demise bypicking the best executioner.” |
Clonal selection |
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stimulated to proliferate and differentiate into antibody secreting cells. All ofthe progeny of the initially activated ________ will be identical (clonal) |
B cells |
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important laboratory reagents and therapeutic agents |
monoclonal antibodies |
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caninizedmonoclonal antibody targeting IL-31, for use in dogs to reduce pruritis. |
canine atopic dermatitis immunotherapeutic (Zoetis) |
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infiltration of tissues withdeposition of partially degraded proteins as insolubleb-pleatedsheets leading to loss of organ function. |
immunogenicamyloidosis |
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Basic antibody structure |
Two heavychains (m, d, g, e, a) Two light chains (l, k). Chains are joined by disulfide bonds. Antigen binding site grooves - 2 per complex |
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light chain disulfide bonded to heavy chainvariable plus1st constant domain |
FAB domain (Fragment of Antigen Binding) |
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heavy chain 2nd and 3rd constant domains held byhinge region disulfide bonds |
F c domain (Fragment Crystallizable) |
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two F ab held together by hinge region disulfide bonds |
F (ab)2 |
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differencesdefined by the use of different heavychains |
Isotypes,also called classes |
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inherited variations that distinguish Ig's of oneindividual within a species from those of another. Individual differences in constant domains. |
Allotypes |
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monomer Crosses placenta largest component of colostrum T1/2=20-25days. |
IgG |
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pentamer ofthe basic design 10 antigen binding sites. join Fc portions Efficient intravascularcomplement fixation andagglutination Produced 1st inimmune response T1/2=3-5 days |
IgM |
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Dimer Crosses mucous membranes in defense of body surfaces Does not fix complement nor opsonize well, but agglutinates well Major component of most non ruminant milk T1/2=5-6 days |
IgA |
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Monomer Mostly bound to Fc(epsilon)R on mast cells and basophils. Acts primarily as a signal-transducing molecule that signals degranulation Does not fix complement, opsonizes poorly T1/2=2.5 days |
IgE |
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found only on the surface of naïve B-cells as a BCR in primates and rodents. |
IgD |
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mediatecomplement activation and opsonization for phagocytosis. |
FC domains |
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Important part of structure because it can do 2 things- immune complexes & agglutination |
Divalency |
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Antibodies directed against the microbial attachment structure... |
...prevent attachment and subsequent infection |
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What's happening in Fc domains |
Complement activation by C3b opsonization Antibody Opsonization ADCC |
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CTL effectorresponse |
cell killing by induction of apoptosis |
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2 types of cell killing by apoptosis |
1. Fas-ligand (Fas-L) expression on CTL engages Fason target cell 2. Directed secretion of pore-forming perforins andintracytoplasmic delivery of granzymes. "Lethal hit." |
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A Tcell response that generates CTLs in the presence of activated T helper cells also produces... |
...memory CD 8+ T cells |
