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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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where do you find a Giardia trophozoite
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in the host
vegitative stage |
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where do you find a Giardia cyst
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in the environment
infective stage |
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what are the physical characteristics of a giardia trophozoite
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teardrop with eyes and a smile
flat has a tail |
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what are the physical characteristics of a Giardia cyst
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oval
chitin wall 2 - 4 nuclei (eyes) |
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does Giardia eat duodenal epithelia or RBCs?
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nope, just secretions
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what is the clinical presentation of Giardia
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intestinal pain
diarrhea flatulence steatorrhea malabsorption |
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what is the infective dose and incubation period for Giardia
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100
~ 2 weeks |
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do Giardia infections present with bloody stool?
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nope, they are non-invasive
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what type of deficiency is linked to a Giardia infection, esp. if it is asymptomatic for a long time
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B12 deficiency
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how does the body kill the giardia trophs
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mom's milk IgA is giardicidal
T-cell dependent Ab production |
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how do you get a Giardia infection
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drinking contaminated water
men c numerous sex partners Day-care |
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what organism is a major reservoir for Giardia
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Beavers
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how do you diagnose Giardia
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trophs or cysts in the stool- not always present
100% sensitive and specific is the GSA-65 test |
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what is the treatment of Giardia
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Azoles
abendazol, metronidazole, tinidazol |
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what is the drug of choice for Giardia
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metronidazol
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what is the DOC for Giardia infections in children
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albendazole is as effective as metronidazole, but withfew side effects in children
furazolidone |
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what is the cause of amoebic dysentery
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Entamoeba histolytica
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what is the morphology of the Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite
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1 nucleus
central endosome pleomorphic sometimes has ingested RBCs within it |
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what is the morphology of an Entamoeba histolytica cyst
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round
4 nuclei large, chromatidal bar |
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clinical presentation of Entamoeba histolytica
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diverse manifestations:
dysentary extraintestinal abscesses Fever paroxysmal and long duration of sympt upper quadrant pain |
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how can Entamoeba histolytica cause death
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peritonitis, cardiac failure and exhaustion
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where are the extraintestinal site in which you might see Entamoeba histolytica
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hepatic
pleuropulmonary cerebral GU |
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what are the virulence factors for Entamoeba histolytica
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lechtin
cystine proteinases phospholipases amebapore- cytolytic |
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how is Entamoeba histolytica transmitted
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fecal oral
water or foodborne mechanical vector |
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how do you diagnose Entamoeba histolytica
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trophs of cysts in stool
radiologic signs of abscesses EIA |
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what is different about Entamoeba dispar
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non-invasive, commensal parasite
no cystine proteinases |
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how do you treat Entamoeba histolytica
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Metronidazole or tinidazol + iodoquinol
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what are Entamoeba histolytica cysts resistant to>?
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chlorine
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all info on Cryptosporidium parvus & hominis
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self limiting diarrhea and fever of children or poor prognosis if immunocompromised (AIDS)
fecal oral zoonotic DOC- nitazoxanide ELISA or Acid fast stain Oocyst- infecdtive lives in parasitophorous vacuole in SI |
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what is the morbidity of Entomoeba histolytica
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3rd most common cause of deah from a parasite infection c 100,000 cases a year worldwide
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what is the difference btw an Oocys from Cyclospora cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium
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Cyclospora cayetanensis oocyst is larger
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Cyclospora cayetanensis info
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diarrhea, cramps, fever
travelers disease acid fast and autoflourescent TMP-SMX |
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Blastocystis hominis
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polymorphic
large, central vacuole multiple nuclei around rim Diarrhea and IBS self limiting, but can use Metronidazole |
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reservoir for Balantidum coli
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pig
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therapy for Balantidum coli
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tetracycline or metranidazol
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morphologic forms of Balantidum coli
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troph and cyst
macronucleus- metabolic micronucleus- reproductive |
