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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sterilization |
Removal of all microorganisms Includes endospores and viruses |
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Disinfection |
Elimination of most or all pathogens Some viable microbes may remain Used on non living things |
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Antiseptics |
Used on living tissues Disinfects |
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Pasteurization |
Brief heating to reduce number of spoilage organisms Destroys pathogens Used in food or inanimate objects |
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Decontamination |
Reduce pathogens to levels considered safe to handle |
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Sanitized |
Substantially reduced microbial population that meets accepted health standards |
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Preservation |
Process of delaying spoilage of foods and other perishable products
Add bacteriostatic |
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Bacteriostatic |
Growth inhibiting preservatives |
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Bacterial endospores |
Only extreme heat or chemicals completely destroys |
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Protozoan cysts and oocysts |
Resistant to disinfectants Causes diarrheal disease if ingested |
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Mycobacterium species |
Waxy cell walls makes resistant to many chemical treatments |
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Pseudomonas species |
Resistant to and can actually grow in some disinfectants |
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Naked viruses |
Lack lipid envelope More resistant to disinfectants |
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Decimal reduction time |
Time required to kill 90% of |
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Boiling destroys But does not |
Most microorganisms and viruses Sterilize Endospores still survive |
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Pasteurization destroys |
Pathogens and spoiled organisms |
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Autoclave is used to |
Sterilize using pressurized steam Increased pressure raises temperature Kills endospores |
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Ionizing radiation can remove |
Electrons from atoms |
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Radiation reacts with O2 to produce |
Reactive oxygen species |
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Ultraviolet radiation destroys |
Microbes directly Damages DNA |
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Microwaves kill by _____________ NOT __________ |
Generated heat Not directly |
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Sterilants destroy |
All microorganisms |
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High-level disinfectants destroy |
Viruses and vegetative cells Do not reliably kill endospores |
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Intermediate-level disinfectants destroy |
vegetative bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and most viruses |
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Low-level disinfectants destroy |
Fungi, vegetative bacteria except mycobacteria, and enveloped viruses |
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Toxicity |
Benefits must be weighed against risk of use |
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Chlorine destroys |
All microorganisms and viruses |
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Iodine kills |
Vegetative cells Not reliable on endospores |
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Silver sulfadiazine prevents |
Secondary infections of burns |
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Hydrogen peroxide effectiveness depends on |
The surface More effective on inanimate object |
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What is more potent than H2O2? |
Peracetic acid |
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Preserving perishable products is done by |
Accomplished by salting, adding sugar, or drying food |
