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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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in cell walls of fungi |
chitin |
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in cell walls of plants |
cellulose |
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sterol in fungi - plasma membrane |
ergosterol |
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three functions of Fungi |
1. pathogenic in plants 2. used to make antibiotics and Saccharomyces (yeast) 3. saprophytes |
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breakdown organic material, function of fungi |
saprophytes |
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study of molds and yeasts |
mycology |
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unicellular, facultative anaerobes |
yeasts |
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multicellular, strict aerobes, includes rusts and mildews |
molds |
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meaning fungi can have two phases, yeast and mold phase |
dimorphic |
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unicellular, grows best at 37 degrees, disease causing, metabolically inactive |
yeasys |
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grow best at colder temperatures, 25 degrees, filamentous, not disease causing |
molds |
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how many phylum of fungi |
four - based on sexual spores |
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also used for classification other than sexual spores |
asexual spores and hyphae |
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two kinds of hyphae in molds |
septate - cross walls, one nucleus per cell non-septate - no cross walls |
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clusters of hyphase - intertwined |
myecelium |
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the three forms of asexual reproduction |
1. budding - yeasts 2. fission - hyphae 3. asexual spores |
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divide, split in half, hyphae grow and lengthen out |
fission |
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replicate nucleus, pinch off another cell |
budding (yeasts) |
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occur at end of hyphae, mushrooms |
asexual spores |
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two forms of asexual spres |
1. sporangeocytes - with a sac 2. candida - no sac |
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fungal infections are called... |
mycoses |
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two different kinds of mycoses |
1. primary 2. opportunistic |
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able to causes disease in normal, healthy indv. |
primary mycose |
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sicken ind. who are weakened, immunocompromised |
opportunistic mycose |
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two opportunistic infections can diagnose |
AIDS |
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fungal infections deep within the body
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systemic infections |
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examples of systemic infections |
histoplasmoises - |
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examples of histoplasmoises |
histoplasma capsulatum - disease of lower respiratory tract |
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fungal infections of epidermis, hair, nails, mucous membranes |
superficial mycoses |
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three kinds of superficial mycoses |
1. microchromic - tinea capitis - ringworm 2. trichophyton - tinea pedis - athletes foot 3. epidermophyton - tinea cruris - jock itch |
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superficial infections can be spread by fomites which are... |
inanimate objects that transmite disease |
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two examples of opportunistic infections |
1. candida albicans 2. pneumocystis jiroveci |
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superficial opportunistic fungal infection - thrush, vaginal infections, sepsis |
candida albicans |
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opportunistic fungal infection, causes pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients |
pneumoniacystis jiroveci |
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why are fungal infections hard to treat |
antibiotics target differences in infectious cells from our cells - fungi are eukaryotes |
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what gets targeted in fungi |
ergosterol in their plasma membranes |
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antifungal agents for systemic infections |
Amphotericin B and Fluconazole |
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antifunal agents for topical infections |
Nystatin, imidazoles, Tolnaftate |
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stops burning itch that comes from tinea pedis |
miconazole - a type of imidazole (topical infections antifungal agent) |
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single cell eukaryotic organism |
protozoa |
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kingdom of protozoa |
protista |
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protozoa have cell walls? |
NO |
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protozoa of malaria |
plasmodium falciparum |
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protozoa are classified by their... |
locomotion - flagella -ameboid - cilia -nonmotile |
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two stages of protozoa |
trophic or cystic |
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stage of protozoa where they are free living |
trophic |
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stage of protozoa that is protective, they can survive for months |
cystic |
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are protozoa asexual or sexual? |
both (can be) |
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two kinds of asexual reproduction (define both) |
1. binary fission - nucleus replicates, cell divides 2. multiple fission - schizogony - nucleus replicates multiple time in cell, pinched off other cells |
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anti malaria, toxic can damage vision, drug concentrates in food vacuole in parasite |
chloroquine |
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entamoeba, giardia, trichromas, interferes with DNA replications |
Metronidazol |
