Micro Chapter 10

Front 1

Viruses consist of a nucleic acid core and a protein _______

Back 1

capsid

Front 2

Some viruses also have a membranous _____

Back 2

enevelope

Front 3

Viral genetic information is contained in either ____ or ____ but not _____

Back 3

DNA, RNA, both

Front 4

Capsids are made of subunits called _____

Back 4

capsomeres

Front 5

A viral capsid and genome form a ____. Such viruses are called ____ ____; those with a nucleocapsid surrounded by an envelope are ___ ___.

Back 5

nucleocapsid; naked virus; enveloped viruses

Front 6

What kind of shapes do viruses have?

Back 6

polyhedral, helical, binal, bullet or complex

Front 7

How do viruses vary in size?

Back 7

20 to 300 nm in diameter

Front 8

Viruses vary in ___ ___ and ___ ____.

Back 8

host range; viral specificity

Front 9

What are the 5 steps viruses generally go through in the replication process?

Back 9

adsorption, penetration, synthesis, maturation and release

Front 10

Surrounding protein coat

Back 10

capsid

Front 11

complete virus particle, including envelope if it has one

Back 11

virion

Front 12

projection made of glycoprotein that serves to attach virions to specific receptor sites

Back 12

spike

Front 13

surrounding lipid bilayer membrane

Back 13

enevelope

Front 14

virus with a nucleocaspid but no envelope

Back 14

naked virus

Front 15

virion's genome together with capsid

Back 15

nucleocapsid

Front 16

A chemical component that is found in all viruses is:

Back 16

protein

Front 17

which of the following properties do viruses have in common with the bacterial section containing Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae?

Back 17

They are both obligate intracellular parasites

Front 18

Viruses that can remain latent (usually in neurons) for many years are most likely:

Back 18

herpesviruses

Front 19

what type of viruses contain the enzyme lysozyme to aid in their infection?

Back 19

bacteriophages

Front 20

the period of viral growth that occurs from the time of host cell penetration to the time when new virions are first assembled within the host cell is called:

Back 20

generation time

Front 21

bacteriophages are readily counted by the process of:

Back 21

plaque assays

Front 22

a type of cell culture that can reproduce for an extended number of generations and is used to support viral replication is a:

Back 22

continuous cell line

Front 23

which of the following is not a DNA virus?

Back 23

orthomyxovirus

Front 24

all of the following are true about retroviruses EXCEPT:

Back 24

retroviruses have two complete copies of (-) sense RNA

Front 25

match the following general replication steps to their description and place them in order:

release

adsorption

maturation

penetration

synthesis

Back 25

1- adsorption - attachment of viruses to host cell

2- penetration- entry of virion genome into the host cell

3-synthesis-host metabolic machinery is used to produce new nucleic acid molecules, capsid proteins, and other viral components

4- maturation-assembly of newly synthesized viral components into complete virions

5-release- departure of new virions from host cell, generally with lysis of host cell

Front 26

Bacteriophages that can enter into stable, long-term relationships with their hosts are called:

Back 26

temperate phages

Front 27

unlike positive (+) strand RNA viruses, what must negative (-) strand RNA viruses package within virions in order to make mRNA upon infection of a new host cell?

Back 27

transcriptases

Front 28

a virophage is best described as:

Back 28

a satellite virus that inhabits its helper virus (its host virus)

Front 29

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), kuru, scrapie, and mad cow disease are caused by:

Back 29

retroviruses

Front 30

the human virus that has been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma (a malignant tumor of the jaw) is:

Back 30

Epstein- Barr virus

Front 31

Infectious, incorrectly folded protein

Back 31

Prion

Front 32

Infectious RNA lacking a capsid

Back 32

Viroids

Front 33

code for their own capsid protein

Back 33

satellite viruses

Front 34

helper virus codes for its capsid

Back 34

virusoid

Front 35

similar to viroids and virusoids, a defective pathogen requiring the presence of hepatitis B virus for its replication

Back 35

Delta hepatitis virus

Front 36

viruses that can induce defects during embryonic or neonatal development (teratogenesis) in humans are:

Back 36

all of the above;

herpes simplex virus types I and II

rubella

rhinovirus

cytomegalovirus

Front 37

which is NOT true regarding viruses and cancer?

Back 37

Examples of human cancer believed to arise from viral infections include Kaposi's sarcoma, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, and cervical cancer

Front 38

key characteristic prions:

Back 38

ability to form fibrils